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. 2021 Jun 22;11:13038. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-91596-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Anthrax toxin immobilization, translocation, and nanodisc stabilization (TITaNS) method (A) PA_pore side view slice with funnel shape from α clamp (yellow) to Φ clamp (orange) and charge clamp (red) inside pore β barrel channel indicated. (B) Immobilization of LF_N (magenta) PA_prepore (blue) complexes on thiol sepharose beads (grey surface). (C) PA_prepore transitioned to PA_pore. (D) Predicted translocation complex of LF_N -PA_pore at low pH_. (E) Addition of pre-nanodisc micelle (green) to complex. (F) Nanodisc formation. (G) LF_N-PA_pore-Nanodisc translocation complexes at pH 5.5 on cryoEM grid.