Table 3.

Mediation results using SEM

	Effect	s.e.	Lower CI	Upper CI	β	Adjusted p value
(Relative) effect of IV on mediator (fear of injection)
Age	−0.015	0.000	−0.016	−0.015	−0.344	0.003
Black	0.208	0.040	0.129	0.287	0.048	0.003
White Other	0.140	0.055	0.032	0.248	0.026	0.132
Other mixed background	−0.005	0.077	−0.156	0.146	−0.001	1.000
Asian	0.168	0.029	0.110	0.225	0.054	0.003
Other background	0.160	0.080	0.003	0.317	0.018	0.450
20k to 40k	−0.033	0.017	−0.067	0.001	−0.020	0.450
41k to 60k	−0.059	0.020	−0.099	−0.019	−0.029	0.060
>60k	−0.096	0.021	−0.137	−0.055	−0.047	0.003
Prefer not to say income	0.003	0.032	−0.060	0.065	0.001	1.000
Gender	0.038	0.013	0.013	0.064	0.024	0.060
Unique effect of mediator on outcome (hesitancy score)
Fear of injection	0.203	0.013	0.177	0.229	0.166	0.003
(Relative) indirect effect
Age	−0.003	0.000	−0.004a	−0.003a	−0.057	0.003
Black and fear of injection	0.042	0.009	0.026a	0.059a	0.008	0.003
White other and fear of injection	0.028	0.011	0.006a	0.051a	0.004	0.132
Other mixed background and fear of injection	−0.001	0.016	−0.031a	0.030a	0.000	1.000
Asian and fear of injection	0.034	0.006	0.022a	0.047a	0.009	0.003
Other background and fear of injection	0.032	0.016	0.001a	0.065a	0.003	0.450
Income between 20k to 40k and fear of injection	−0.007	0.004	−0.014a	0.000a	−0.003	0.450
Income between 41k to 60k and fear of injection	−0.012	0.004	−0.020a	−0.004a	−0.005	0.060
Income >60k and fear of injection	−0.020	0.004	−0.029a	−0.011a	−0.008	0.003
(Relative) direct effect of IV on outcome (hesitancy score)
Age	−0.013	0.001	−0.014	−0.012	−0.241	0.003
Black	0.700	0.053	0.595	0.805	0.131	0.003
White other	0.221	0.063	0.097	0.345	0.033	0.003
Other mixed background	0.357	0.104	0.153	0.560	0.034	0.016
Asian	0.140	0.032	0.076	0.204	0.037	0.003
Other background	0.246	0.096	0.059	0.433	0.022	0.003
20k to 40k	−0.112	0.021	−0.154	−0.070	−0.055	0.003
41k to 60k	−0.249	0.024	−0.295	−0.203	−0.100	0.003
>60k	−0.301	0.025	−0.350	−0.252	−0.119	0.003
Prefer not to say income	−0.072	0.036	−0.141	−0.002	−0.017	0.450
Gender	−0.002	0.015	−0.032	0.028	−0.001	1.000
(Relative) total effect
Indirect effects and direct effects	1.011	0.194	0.630	1.392	−0.325	0.003

CI, confidence intervals; s.e., standard error.

^aMonte Carlo CI. Reference group for ethnicity: White. Reference group for income: less than 20k. Adjusted p values using the Holm method.