TABLE 1.

Genetic variants with significant sex difference in effect size for four anthropometric traits.

Traits	Gene	CHR	POS	SNP	Effect		PQ	Folds	References
					Female	Male
BMI	ZFP64	20	51,087,862	rs6091540	0.030 (0.004)	0.007 (0.005)	9.05E-05	4.3	Locke et al., 2015
BMI	SEC16B	1	177,889,480	rs543874	0.060 (0.005)	0.034 (0.005)	5.23E-05	1.8	Locke et al., 2015
WHR	LYPLAL1	1	217,820,132	rs2820443	0.062 (0.005)	0.002 (0.005)	2.60E-17	31.0	Shungin et al., 2015
WHR	LYPLAL1	1	217,817,340	rs4846567	0.059 (0.005)	0.005 (0.005)	1.18E-13	11.8	Heid et al., 2011
WHR	GRB14	2	165,221,337	rs10195252	0.054 (0.005)	0.010 (0.005)	1.41E-11	5.4	Heid et al., 2011
WHR	VEGFA	6	43,872,529	rs1358980	0.060 (0.005)	0.015 (0.005)	3.70E-11	4.0	Shungin et al., 2015
WC	OR2W5-NLRP3	1	245,717,763	rs10925060	0.002 (0.005)	0.045 (0.006)	1.70E-08	22.5	Shungin et al., 2015
WC	CCNJL	5	159,626,935	rs17472426	−0.014 (0.009)	0.052 (0.010)	3.90E-08	3.7	Shungin et al., 2015
HIP	KLHL31	6	53,648,294	rs7739232	0.063 (0.011)	−0.004 (0.014)	2.90E-05	15.8	Shungin et al., 2015
HIP	C5-FBXW2	9	122,533,883	rs7044106	0.039 (0.007)	−0.003 (0.008)	1.30E-05	13.0	Shungin et al., 2015
HIP	KLF14	7	130,090,402	rs13241538	0.033 (0.005)	−0.003 (0.005)	2.00E-09	11.0	Shungin et al., 2015

CHR, chromosome; POS, position; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; WC, waist circumference; HIP, hip circumference. Note that the SNP effect of WHR, WC, and HIP was generated under the control of BMI.

The value in the parentheses is the standard error.

P_Q denotes the P value of the Cochran’s Q-test. Fold is computed based on the absolute effect and is always shown to be larger than 1.