Figure 7.

The UMAP [72] embedding of the results of the five OPN-based measures for every channel, in each condition. Note that the ketamine condition forms a kind of boundary between the awake and the propofol conditions, with penetration into both regions. This suggests that, when multiple metrics are taken into consideration, the state induced by ketamine combines elements of both normal waking consciousness and propofol anaesthesia. Note that, in a UMAP embedding, the resulting axes are not intrinsically meaningful (in contrast to linear embedding algorithms like PCA): the meaningful information is in the distances between individual points, as opposed to the specific values of the coordinates.