Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and pathological characteristics of patient sample stratified by diabetes and obesity status
| Participant characteristics | Diabetic |
Obese |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n = 955) | No (n = 3733) | P | Yes (n = 1560) | No (n = 3128) | P | |
| Median age (Q1, Q3), y | 63 (59, 66) | 62 (57, 66) | <.001a | 62 (57.0, 65.0) | 62 (58.0, 66.0) | <.001a |
| Race, No. (%) | <.001b | .21b | ||||
| White | 499 (52.3) | 2211 (59) | 874 (56) | 1836 (59) | ||
| Black | 418 (43.8) | 1404 (38) | 633 (41) | 1189 (38) | ||
| Other | 38 (4.0) | 118 (3) | 53 (3) | 103 (3) | ||
| Obese, No. (%) | <.001b | — | ||||
| Yes (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 487 (51.0) | 1073 (29) | — | — | ||
| No (BMI < 30 kg/m2) | 468 (49.0) | 2660 (71) | — | — | ||
| BMI, median (Q1, Q3), kg/m2 | 30.2 (27.4, 33.2) | 27.6 (24.9, 30.6) | <.001a | 33.0 (31.3, 35.4) | 26.3 (24.1, 28.1) | <.001a |
| Diabetic at time of surgery, No. (%) | — | — | — | 487 (31) | 468 (15) | <.001b |
| Duration of diabetes, median (Q1, Q3), yc | 4 (1, 8) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | — | 4 (1, 8) | 4 (1, 8) | .72a |
| Year of surgery, median (Q1, Q3) | 2009 (2004, 2013) | 2008 (2002, 2012) | <.001a | 2009 (2004, 2014) | 2007 (2002, 2012) | <.001a |
| Surgery center, No. (%) | <.001b | <.001b | ||||
| West LA, CA | 159 (16.7) | 835 (22) | 260 (17) | 734 (23) | ||
| Palo Alto, CA | 81 (8.5) | 447 (12) | 168 (11) | 360 (12) | ||
| Augusta, GA | 227 (23.8) | 749 (20) | 361 (23) | 615 (20) | ||
| Durham, NC | 217 (22.7) | 731 (20) | 353 (23) | 595 (19) | ||
| San Diego, CA | 161 (16.9) | 592 (16) | 263 (17) | 490 (16) | ||
| Asheville, NC | 110 (11.5) | 379 (10) | 155 (10) | 334 (11) | ||
| PSA, median (Q1, Q3), ng/mL | 6.0 (4.6, 9.2) | 6.6 (4.8, 9.9) | <.001a | 6.1 (4.7, 9.0) | 6.6 (4.8, 10.1) | <.001a |
| Clinical stage, No. (%) | .67b | <.001b | ||||
| T1 | 593 (62.0) | 2290 (61) | 1017 (65) | 1866 (60) | ||
| T2 and T3 | 362 (38.0) | 1443 (39) | 543 (35) | 1262 (40) | ||
| Preoperative grade group, No. (%) | <.001b | .003b | ||||
| 1 | 347 (36.3) | 1654 (44) | 608 (39) | 1393 (45) | ||
| 2 | 293 (30.7) | 1057 (28) | 482 (31) | 868 (28) | ||
| 3 | 136 (14.2) | 492 (13) | 220 (14) | 408 (13) | ||
| 4 | 122(12.8) | 379 (10) | 167 (11) | 334 (11) | ||
| 5 | 57 (6.0) | 151 (4) | 83 (5) | 125 (4) | ||
| Postoperative grade group, No. (%) | <.001b | .01b | ||||
| 1 | 215 (22.5) | 1067 (29) | 378 (24) | 904 (29) | ||
| 2 | 379 (39.7) | 1496 (40) | 664 (43) | 1211 (39) | ||
| 3 | 199 (20.8) | 673 (18) | 297 (19) | 575 (18) | ||
| 4 | 86 (9.0) | 268 (7) | 116 (7) | 238 (8) | ||
| 5 | 76 (8.0) | 229 (6) | 105 (7) | 200 (6) | ||
| D’Amico risk group, No. (%) | .002b | .17b | ||||
| Low | 258 (27.0) | 1224 (33) | 476 (31) | 1006 (32) | ||
| Intermediate | 434 (45.4) | 1609 (43) | 710 (46) | 1333 (43) | ||
| High | 263 (27.5) | 900 (23) | 374 (24) | 789 (25) | ||
| Seminal vesicle invasion, No. (%) | 115 (12.0) | 372 (10) | .06b | 171 (11) | 316 (10) | .36b |
| Extracapsular extension, No. (%) | 212 (22.2) | 742 (20) | .11b | 312 (20) | 642 (21) | .67b |
| Positive surgical margins, No. (%) | 393 (41.2) | 1490 (40) | .49b | 656 (42) | 1227 (39) | .06b |
| Lymph node involvement, No. (%) | .27b | .13b | ||||
| Yes | 23 (2.4) | 102 (3) | 45 (3) | 80 (3) | ||
| No | 568 (59.5) | 2310 (62) | 926 (59) | 1952 (62) | ||
| Not done | 364 (38.1) | 1321 (35) | 589 (38) | 1096 (35) | ||
| Follow-up time, median (Q1, Q3), mod | 84.4 (43.9, 136.7) | 94.5 (54.6, 147.9) | <.001a | 86.4 (48.5, 140.9) | 95.4 (53.9, 148.0) | <.001a |
a
Two-sided Wilcoxon rank sum test. BMI = body mass index; PSA = prostate-specific antigen; Q1 = 25th percentile; Q3 = 75th percentile; — = value not derived.
b
Two-sided χ2 test.
c
Only among patients who were diabetic at the time of surgery.
d
Only among surviving men.