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. 2021 Jun 28;18(6):462–478. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.06.004

Table 1. CV risk factors and biomarkers that can be found in eHRs.

Traditional CV risk factors Non-traditional CV risk factors CV biomarkers that can be found in eHRs
CV: cardiovascular; eHRs: electronic health records.
Advancing age Low-level inflammation C-reactive protein
Smoking cigarettes Homocysteine Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio
Elevated blood pressure (in particular systolic) Fibrinogen, impaired fibrinolysis Ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram
Elevated total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Increased platelet reactivity Cardiac troponin T
Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol Hypercoagulability N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide
Overweight/obesity (in particular abdominal obesity) Natriuretic peptides Body composition and muscle mass measures
Diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance Lipoprotein Glycated hemoglobin
Sedentary lifestyles Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Serum albumin (pre-albumin), serum transferin
Postmenopause (in women) Albuminuria Vitamin D
Chronic latent infection (helicobacter pylori, citomegalo virus) Thyroid gland hormones
The level of comorbidy and the comorbidity patterns Haemoglobin
Rheumatoid arthritis (other autoimmune diseases) Blood lipids
Chronic kidney disease Urin albumin/creatinine ratio
Depression, psychiatric diseases Cystatine C
Some drugs, polypharmacy Estimated glomerular filtration rate
Carotid intima-media thickness
Ankle-brachial index
Functional assessments