Table 3.
Unadjusted and adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis showing the associations between mental health and job strain, as explanatory variables and alcohol consumption as the outcome variable
| Non-drinkers | Low risk (ref) | Hazardous use | Harmful use | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N (%) | MOR (95% CI) | AMOR (95% CI) | N (%) | N (%) | MOR (95% CI) | AMOR (95% CI) | N (%) | MOR (95% CI) | AMOR (95% CI) |
| Mental health | ||||||||||
| Depression case | 474 (11.98) | 1.41 (1.26 to 1.56)*** | 1.34 (1.20 to 1.49)*** | 2098 (53.01) | 1160 (29.31) | 0.93 (0.87 to 1.01) | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.13) | 226 (5.71) | 2.18 (1.88 to 2.54)*** | 2.30 (1.97 to 2.69)*** |
| Anxiety case | 386 (11.33) | 1.35 (1.20 to 1.52)*** | 1.32 (1.17 to 1.48)*** | 1757 (51.57) | 1090 (31.99) | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15) | 1.27 (1.17 to 1.38)*** | 174 (5.11) | 1.94 (1.64 to 2.29)*** | 2.20 (1.85 to 2.61)*** |
| PTSD case | 155 (10.20) | 1.29 (1.08 to 1.54)** | 1.27 (1.06 to 1.52)* | 725 (47.70) | 556 (36.58) | 1.34 (1.20 to 1.50)*** | 1.33 (1.18 to 1.49)*** | 84 (5.53) | 2.28 (1.80 to 2.88)*** | 2.28 (1.80 to 2.89)*** |
| Job strain | ||||||||||
| Low | 930 (8.44) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 5896 (53.53) | 3822 (34.70) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 367 (3.33) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| High | 1013 (10.42) | 1.15 (1.05 to 1.27)** | 1.09 (0.98 to 1.20) | 5.550 (57.09) | 2885 (29.67) | 0.80 (0.75 to 0.85)*** | 0.89 (0.84 to 0.95)*** | 274 (2.82) | 0.79 (0.67 to 0.93)** | 0.86 (0.73 to 1.01) |
| Active | 992 (8.82) | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.15) | 1.01 (0.92 to 1.12) | 6028 (53.60) | 3886 (33.55) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) | 0.99 (0.94 to 1.05) | 340 (3.02) | 0.91 (0.78 to 1.06) | 0.89 (0.76 to 1.04) |
| Passive | 785 (9.36) | 1.03 (0.93 to 1.14) | 0.96 (0.87 to 1.07) | 4834 (57.62) | 2528 (30.13) | 0.81 (0.76 to 0.86)*** | 0.94 (0.88 to 1.00) | 242 (2.88) | 0.80 (0.68 to 0.95)** | 0.90 (0.76 to 1.07) |
| Interactionsa | ||||||||||
| Job strain × support | ||||||||||
| Low × support | – | 1.00 | – | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – |
| High × support | – | 0.97 (0.93 to 1.01) | – | – | – | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.03) | – | – | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.07) | – |
| Active × support | – | 0.97 (0.93 to 1.01) | – | – | – | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.03) | – | – | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.08) | – |
| Passive × support | – | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) | – | – | – | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.02) | – | – | 0.95 (0.89 to 1.02) | – |
| Job strain × mental health | ||||||||||
| Low × MHC | 96 (10.56) | 1.00 | – | 479 (52.70) | 290 (31.90) | 1.00 | – | 44 (4.84) | 1.00 | – |
| High × MHC | 291 (12.53) | 1.09 (0.82 to 1.43) | – | 1229 (52.93) | 690 (29.70) | 1.19 (0.99 to 1.43) | – | 112 (4.82) | 1.58 (1.04 to 2.38)* | – |
| Active × MHC | 187 (10.57) | 1.07 (0.80 to 1.43) | – | 859 (48.56) | 641 (36.24) | 1.28 (1.06 to 1.55)* | – | 82 (4.64) | 1.24 (0.82 to 1.89) | – |
| Passive × MHC | 140 (10.53) | 0.95 (0.70 to 1.29) | – | 724 (54.44) | 396 (29.77) | 1.14 (0.93 to 1.39) | – | 70 (5.26) | 1.50 (0.97 to 2.32) | – |
MHC, mental health case.
Low risk drinking is the reference group. Row frequencies and percentages, with multinomial odds ratios (MOR) are shown.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
Adjusted for age, gender, education, ethnicity, income, marital status, children under 18 and smoking status.
Reference groups for mental health are non-case.
a
Support is a continuous variable; mental health is a categorical variable representing the presence of any mental health problem (depression, anxiety or PTSD) (case v. non-case).