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. 2020 Dec 3;27(3):189–197. doi: 10.1159/000511899

Table 2.

Percentage of preference for each alcoholic beverage type and modelled price elasticity for non-heavy drinkers

Country Beer
Wine
Spirits
% preference elasticity % preference elasticity % preference elasticity
Germany 54.1 −0.36 (−0.48 to −0.24) 27.6 −0.60 (−0.72 to −0.48) 18.4 −1.20 (−1.4 to −1.00)
Italy 21.5 −0.60 (−0.72 to −0.48) 68.0 −0.36 (−0.48 to −0.24) 10.5 −1.20 (−1.44 to −0.96)
Kazakhstan 37.9 −0.60 (−0.72 to −0.48) 3.6 −1.20 (−1.44 to −0.96) 58.5 −0.36 (−0.48 to −0.24)
Sweden 38.2 −0.60 (−0.72 to −0.48) 45.6 −0.36 (−0.48 to −0.24) 16.2 −1.20 (−1.44 to −0.96)

Values given in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals.