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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jun 23.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Toxicol Chem. 2016 Nov 11;36(3):786–796. doi: 10.1002/etc.3642

Table 3.

Acute median effect concentrations (EC50s) and 95% confidence limits (CLs; in parenthesis) for 10 chemicals in the multi-species study with 5 species of mussels representing different tribes or families of freshwater mussels

EC50 (95% CL)
Toxicant (Test no.) Unit Threeridge Paper pondshell Fatmucket Washboard Western pearlshell
Alachlor mg/L 1.2 (0.8–1.8)a 6.7 (5.6–7.9) 2.7 (2.5–2.8) 5.7 (5.0–6.4)b 15 (12–20)
Metolachlor mg/L 4.6 (3.0–7.1)a 15 (12–18) 20 (16–26) 6.8 (6.6–7.1) 29 (27–31)
Ammonia (total) mg/L 1.5 (1.1–2.0) 2.1 (1.4–3.0) 5.2c/11c 5.1 (4.7–5.5) 8.0 (7.7–8.4)
Chloride (1)d mg/L 1038 (808–1333) 1657 (1346–2039) 1897 (1850–1945) 1398 (1169–1670) 1576 (1391–1786)
Chloride (2) mg/L e 1944 (1773–2131)
Chloride (3) mg/L 2246 (2211–2281)
Chloride (4) mg/L 1893 (1751–2045)f
Chloride (5) mg/L 2092 (1910–2290)f
Potassium (1)d mg/L 31 (17–57) 38 (35–42) <56 48 (41–56) <56
Potassium (2) mg/L 46 (38–54) 38 (37–39)
Sulfated mg/L 1338 (no CL)a, g 2709 (2548–2880) 2325 (2176–2485) 2279 (2206–2355) 1378 (1335–1422)
Chromium (VI) μg/L 233 (179–303)a 213 (187–242) 266 (224–316) 138 (132–144) 624 (603–647)
Copper (1) μg/L 11 (10–12) 13 (11–15) 48 (40–57) 25 (24–26) 36 (35–38)
Copper (2) μg/L 10 (8.2–13) 35 (30–42)
Copper (3) μg/L 55 (47–64)
Nickel (1) μg/L 234 (207–264) 676 (648–705) 506 [350–731]h 173 (165–181) 269 (259–280)
Nickel (2) μg/L 350 (298–411)
Nickel (3) μg/L 445 (429–461)
Zinc μg/L 299 (205–438) 520 (446–606) 576 (507–654) 566 (532–602) 447 (97–502)
a

The EC50 should be used with caution due to low (<90%) control survival. See text for details.

b

Only 45% mortality was observed in the highest test concentration (Supplemental Data, Table S41).

c

Values for fatmucket were from a previous study at pH 8.1 and 20 °C 8 (see details in text).

d

Chloride was tested as sodium chloride, potassium as potassium chloride, and sulfate as sodium sulfate (details in Table 2).

e

A dash (—) indicates that the chemical was not tested with that species.

f

Exposure solutions were prepared with a 30% series dilution (rather than 50% dilution in other tests).

g

No CL could be calculated due to inadequate partial effects (Supplemental Data, Table S46).

h

An EC50 could not be calculated due to no partial mortality (Supplemental Data, Table S49). The geometric mean of the bracketing concentrations with 0% and 100% mortality was calculated to obtain an estimated EC50. The 0% and 100% effect concentrations are provided in bracket as [0–100% effect concentration].