Table 3. Acyl-carnitine factors and significant components: comparisons between old non-diabetic vs old diabetic.
| Acyl-carnitines |
Non-diabetic (n=154) |
Diabetic (n=53) |
p-value | Adjusted Coef. (95% CI)* | Adjusted P-value* |
| PCA factors | |||||
| X1 | 0.05 (2.7) | -0.1 (2.7) | 0.68 | - | - |
| X2 | 0.06 (2.0) | -0.2 (2.6) | 0.48 | - | - |
| X3 | -0.04 (2.2) | 0.1 (1.8) | 0.61 | - | - |
| X4 | -0.2 (2.1) | 0.7 (1.9) | 0.0080 | 1.0 (0.3, 1.7) | 0.008 |
| X5 | -0.4 (2.0) | 1.1 (2.6) | <0.0001 | 1.3 (0.6, 2.0) | <0.0001 |
| X6 | 0.2 (1.1) | -0.5 (2.2) | 0.004 | -0.6 (-1.1, -0.2) | 0.009 |
| X7 | -0.04 (1.7) | 0.1 (1.9) | 0.60 | - | - |
| X8 | -0.01 (1.2) | 0.04 (1.3) | 0.77 | - | - |
| X9 | 0.08 (1.4) | -0.2 (1.2) | 0.17 | - | - |
| X10 | 0.03 (1.4) | -0.1 (1.4) | 0.58 | - | - |
| Short chain | |||||
| C3 | 543 (180) | 553 (201) | 0.71 | - | - |
| C4 | 338 (144) | 345 (174) | 0.77 | - | - |
| C4-OH | 13.0 (8.0) | 25.1 (16.8) | <0.0001 | 11.0 (7.5, 14.4) | <0.0001 |
| C5 | 95.9 (36.0) | 96.5 (39.8) | 0.91 | - | - |
| C5:1 | 15.8 (5.4) | 16.5 (7.3) | 0.47 | - | - |
| Medium chain | |||||
| C10:1 | 85.3 (55.8) | 86.0 (79.4) | 0.95 | - | - |
| C10:2 | 13.1 (9.4) | 15.1 (11.1) | 0.24 | - | - |
| C12-OH/C10-DC | 2.1 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.2) | 0.012 | 0.3 (-0.06, 0.7) | 0.10 |
| C8:1-OH/C6:1-DC | 27.8 (14.1) | 28.4 (16.2) | 0.81 | - | - |
| C8-DC | 23.3 (13.4) | 26.6 (13.2) | 0.12 | - | - |
| - | - | ||||
| Long chain | |||||
| C14:1-OH | 10.6 (6.0) | 11.7 (4.6) | 0.22 | - | - |
| C14:3 | 4.4 (2.6) | 4.2 (2.5) | 0.61 | - | - |
| C14-OH/C12-DC | 5.9 (3.0) | 8.5 (4.6) | <0.0001 | 2.1 (1.0, 3.2) | <0.0001 |
| C16 | 106 (26.0) | 102 (29.3) | 0.31 | - | - |
| C16:1-OH/C14:1-DC | 4.8 (1.9) | 5.4 (2.4) | 0.055 | - | - |
| C16:2-OH | 4.3 (1.8) | 4.9 (2.0) | 0.040 | 0.4 (-0.2, 1.0) | 0.17 |
| C16:3-OH/C14:3-DC | 1.3 (0.9) | 1.4 (0.9) | 0.36 | - | - |
| C16-OH | 5.5 (2.7) | 7.3 (3.4) | 0.0001 | 1.6 (0.6, 2.5) | 0.001 |
| C18 | 38.7 (9.8) | 37.3 (8.5) | 0.37 | - | - |
| C18:1 | 116 (33.6) | 109 (28.0) | 0.15 | - | - |
| C18:1-OH/C16:1-DC | 3.8 (1.9) | 4.9 (2.9) | 0.0007 | 0.9 (0.1, 1.6) | 0.019 |
| C18:2 | 67.4 (20.3) | 58.4 (16.2) | 0.004 | -7.7 (-14.2, -1.2) | 0.020 |
| C18:3 | 5.2 (2.1) | 4.6 (2.4) | 0.13 | - | - |
| C18-OH/C16-DC | 4.5 (3.2) | 6.2 (3.1) | 0.012 | 1.3 (0.2, 2.3) | 0.020 |
| C20 | 5.3 (1.8) | 5.0 (1.3) | 0.36 | - | - |
| C20:1 | 6.9 (2.5) | 6.7 (2.2) | 0.49 | - | - |
| C20:1-OH/C18:1-DC | 7.2 (4.1) | 8.0 (3.5) | 0.23 | - | - |
| C20:2 | 4.4 (1.5) | 3.9 (1.2) | 0.033 | -0.5 (-1.0, -0.03) | 0.037 |
| C20:2-OH/C18:2-DC | 2.2 (1.3) | 2.0 (1.0) | 0.37 | - | - |
| C20:3 | 5.3 (2.4) | 4.3 (1.7) | 0.005 | -1.2 (-1.9, -0.5) | 0.002 |
| C20:3-OH/C18:3-DC | 1.2 (0.7) | 1.3 (0.8) | 0.20 | - | - |
| C20:4 | 4.9 (2.0) | 4.2 (1.7) | 0.035 | -0.8 (-1.5, -0.2) | 0.013 |
| C22:1 | 3.1 (2.0) | 2.8 (1.6) | 0.54 | - | - |
| C22:2 | 0.8 (1.2) | 0.7 (0.4) | 0.45 | - | - |
| C22:4 | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.6) | 0.80 | - | - |
| C22:5 | 1.8 (0.8) | 1.6 (0.9) | 0.16 | - | - |
*adjusted for female, BMI, CV rf>2.