Figure 2.

Adjusted prevalence ratio (solid line) with 95% CI (short dashed lines) for the relation between blood cadmium concentrations ($\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{L}$) and the prevalence of $\text{CACS}\ge 100$ (Model 2, all individuals), in a Swedish population-based cohort. The PRs were modeled using unrestricted cubic splines with three knots (0.16, 0.24, and 0.38) at blood cadmium percentiles 25%, 50%, and 75%, in a Poisson regression model adjusted for age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, family history, and LDL/HDL ratio. The reference value for blood cadmium was $0.12\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{L}$ (median for Q1). The histogram shows the frequency distribution of blood cadmium concentrations. Corresponding numerical data are shown in Table 2. Note: CACS, coronary artery calcium score; CI, confidence interval; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PR, prevalence ratio.