Figure 2.

Summary of cognitive improvement according to standardized cognitive screening scales. The baseline and post-neurofeedback measures normalized as a percentage of the respective scales. In orange are the studies using patients with formal diagnosis of dementia, and in blue patients with mild-cognitive impairment (MCI). If the study did not report a primary outcome, we adopted a conservative approach and included in this chart results from the scale showing lower improvement. Solid bars represent the baseline scores, and dashed lines the post-intervention values. NF, Neurofeedback; NR, Not Reported.