Table 1.

Tabulation of amino acid lengths of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 proteins and percentage identity for common proteins of the two species.

Gene	Length of amino acids in SARS-CoV-2	Length of amino acids in SARS-CoV	Percentage identity between homologous proteins	Number of amino acid residues with mutation rate greater than 0.01 during the pandemic (N)	N/amino acid length
Nsp1	180	180	84.44	0	0.000
Nsp2	628	628	68.34	5	0.008
Nsp3	1922	1922	75.82	10	0.005
Nsp4	500	500	80.00	1	0.002
Nsp5	306	306	96.08	5	0.016
Nsp6	390	390	88.15	6	0.015
Nsp7	83	83	98.80	1	0.012
Nsp8	198	198	97.47	0	0.000
Nsp9	113	113	97.35	1	0.009
Nsp10	139	139	97.12	0	0.000
Nsp11	13	13	84.60	0	0.000
Nsp12	932	932	96.14	7	0.008
Nsp13	601	601	99.83	5	0.008
Nsp14	527	527	95.07	2	0.004
Nsp15	346	346	88.73	4	0.012
Nsp16	298	298	93.29	1	0.003
S	1273	1255	75.96	21	0.016
ORF3a	275	274	72.36	9	0.033
ORF3b	151	154	No significant similarity	–	–
E	75	76	94.74	0	0.000
M	222	221	90.54	0	0.000
ORF6	61	63	68.85	0	0.000
ORF7a	121	122	85.35	1	0.008
ORF7b	43	44	81.40	1	0.023
ORF8a	121 (only ORF8)	39	31.71	2	0.017
ORF8b	121 (only ORF8)	84	40.48
N	419	422	90.52	16	0.038
ORF9a	97	98	72.45	–	–
ORF9b	73	70	77.14	4	0.055
ORF10	38			–	–

Abbreviation: ORF, open reading frames.

Open reading frames of SARS-CoV-2 proteins were detected from GenBank accession number NC_045512.2. Similarly, open reading frames of SARS-CoV Tor2 were detected from GenBank accession number AY274119. Pairwise alignment of the proteins was conducted using NCBI blast and percentage identity was tabulated. ⁷ In the pblast algorithm, max target sequence of 100, short queries automatically adjusted to parameters for short input sequences, expect threshold of 0.05 and world size of 6 was set. BLOSUM62 matrix with gap costs of 11 for existence and 1 for extension was set. Number of amino acids with mutation rate higher than 0.01 and mutational frequency rate was tabulated in the last two columns.