Table 4.

Variation in proportional spine lengths on P2–P4 for three species of Spinoncaea (both sexes, including form variants of female S. ivlevi) from three locations of the Pacific Ocean (WP = western equatorial Pacific; EP = eastern equatorial Pacific; KS = Korea Strait, n = number of specimens measured) Abbreviations: DS = distal spine; L = length; MS = middle spine; ODS = outer distal spine; OSDS = outer subdistal spine; PS = proximal spine; SP = spine; W = width.

		S. ivlevi								S. tenuis				S. humesi
		female					male			female		male		female	male
		WP		EP		KS	WP	EP	KS	EP	KS *	EP	KS *	EP	WP	KS *
		robust	elongate*	robust	elongate	robust
n		11	1	6	4	3	4	4	1	8	1	3	1	3	2	1
P2 L ratio exp-3:DS		1.03–1.38	1.13	1.19–1.32	1.03–1.20	1.1–1.29	1.07–1.28	1.20–1.30	1.19	0.92–1.09	0.98	1.02–1.07	1.0/1.03	1.04–1.12	1.04–1.23	1.13/1.16
P3 L ratio exp-3:DS		1.21–1.52	1.21	1.09–1.38	1.06–1.19	1.22–1.43	1.17–1.57	1.23–1.32	1.28	0.95–1.07	0.98	1.01–1.12	1.05/1.06	1.14–1.21	1.13–1.19	1.19/1.22
P4 L ratio exp-3:DS		1.26–1.49	1.26/1.60	1.31–1.41	1.20–1.30	1.26–1.43	1.23–1.52	1.33–1.49	damaged	0.96–1.13	0.97	1.00–1.04	0.99	1.11–1.20	1.06–1.28	1.28/1.48
L ratio spines on P2exp	SPexp-1:SPexp-2	1.24–1.57	1.46	1.33–1.63	1.32–1.43	1.43–1.74	1.44–1.77	1.31–1.55	1.39	1.29–1.47	1.27	1.36–1.52	1.21/1.33	1.31–1.42	1.25–1.32	1.25/1.26
	SPexp-1:PSexp-3	1.36–1.76	1.46	1.36–1.79	1.46–1.72	1.43–1.64	1.53–1.83	1.42–1.57	1.45	1.28–1.72	1.32	1.40–1.70	1.33/1.45	1.13–1.26	1.04–1.15	1.13/1.19
	SPexp-1:MSexp-3	1.00–1.16	0.97	0.95–1.16	1.03–1.07	1.02–1.11	0.86–1.17	1.03–1.29	1.07	0.97–1.14	1.00	1.00–1.17	1.10/1.22
	SPexp-1:ODSexp-3	0.90–1.13	0.88	0.92–1.10	0.88–0.95	0.90–1.18	0.88–1.15	0.89–1.15	0.91	0.82–1.17	0.85	0.85–0.94	0.97/1.03	0.94–1.13	0.93–1.00	0.89/0.96
L ratio spines on P3exp	SPexp-1:SPexp-2	1.05–1.38	1.14	1.10–1.22	1.16–1.30	1.14–1.35	1.00–1.37	1.03–1.43	1.03	1.06–1.21	1.10/1.13	1.07–1.26	1.42/1.44	1.14–1.26	1.15–1.30	1.24/1.25
	SPexp-1:PSexp-3	0.85–1.11	0.89	0.89–1.00	0.97–1.06	0.93–1.03	0.83–1.10	0.97–1.03	0.94	0.88–1.00	1.10	0.83–0.85	1.17	1.07–1.31	1.15–1.20	1.14/1.35
	SPexp-1:ODSexp-3	0.83–1.03	0.89	0.87–1.05	0.82–1.00	0.83–0.95	0.66–0.97	0.94–1.11	0.83	0.77–0.94	0.91/0.92	0.81–0.83	1.06/1.10	1.00–1.06	1.00–1.08	1.07/1.09
L ratio spines on P4exp	SPexp-1:SPexp-2	0.90–1.18	0.92/1.02	1.01–1.12	0.86–1.13	0.94–1.06	0.85–1.25	0.96–1.17	0.96	0.88–1.21	1.04	1.05–1.19	1.04	1.04–1.08	1.05–1.28	0.81/0.83
	SPexp-1:PSexp-3	0.82–1.07	0.73/0.90	0.87–1.06	0.80–0.93	0.84–0.97	0.86–0.93	0.87–1.08	0.86	0.75–0.97	0.92	0.82–1.02	1.10	1.00–1.27	1.00–1.17	0.94/1.14
	SPexp-1:ODSexp-3	0.72–0.92	0.69/0.79	0.83–0.97	0.70–0.93	0.78–0.94	0.72–1.04	0.79–1.00	0.78	0.65–0.88	0.76	0.74–0.78	0.91/0.93	0.81–0.93	0.78–1.00	0.81/0.83
L ratio spines on P2enp-3	ODS:DS	0.45–0.63	0.51/0.56	0.43–0.57	0.49–0.58	0.52–0.55	0.50–061	0.45–0.59	damaged	0.42–0.53	0.47/0.50	0.45–0.55	0.53/0.56	0.42–0.51	0.50–0.55	0.51
L ratio spines on P3enp-3	OSDS:DS	0.39–0.56	0.42	0.37–0.48	0.35–0.53	0.47–0.53	0.43–0.54	0.39–0.56	0.42	0.34–0.52	0.38/0.40	0.32–0.43	0.43	0.38–0.43	0.37–0.41	0.37/0.41
	ODS:DS	0.44–0.64	0.42/0.51	0.43–0.56	0.42–0.55	0.48–0.54	0.42–0.51	0.41–0.55	0.45	0.39–0.50	0.40/0.46	0.42–0.51	0.51/0.52	0.42–0.44	0.42–0.50	0.45/0.51
L ratio spines on P4enp-3	OSDS:DS	0.30–0.49	0.38	0.30–0.48	0.28–0.45	0.41–0.47	0.30–0.47	0.32–0.43	0.37	0.25–0.33	0.27/0.34	0.25–0.32	0.34	0.35–0.38	0.34–0.38	0.26/0.31
	ODS:DS	0.36–0.50	0.42	0.32–0.48	0.33–0.52	0.42–0.51	0.39–0.53	0.36–0.48	0.43	0.29–0.38	0.36/0.38	0.28–0.41	0.42	0.39–0.41	0.40–0.43	0.34/0.37

* = data from the left/right legs of one specimen; if there is only one datum, it means that the values are the same or only one side was measured.