Table 1.

Characteristics of subjects and sample collection sites.

	Healthy (H)	Periodontitis before non-surgical therapy (P)	Periodontitis after non-surgical therapy (A)	p-value (H versus P/A)	p-value (P versus A)
Age	39.31 ± 15.80	51.20 ± 9.99	51.20 ± 9.99	0.02/0.02	NA
Gender (Male/Female)	6/7	8/7	8/7	0.71/0.71	NA
PD (mm) of sites for metabololipidomics	2.85 ± 0.38	6.47 ± 1.13	5.33 ± 1.76	<0.01/<0.01	0.01
PD (mm) of sites for qRT-PCR	2.85 ± 0.38	5.87 ± 1.13	4.13 ± 1.51	<0.01/0.01	<0.01
PD (mm) of sites for 16S RNA sequencing	2.85 ± 0.38	6.47 ± 1.13	5.27 ± 1.69	<0.01/<0.01	<0.01
CAL (mm) of sites for metabololipidomics	0.31 ± 0.48	6.00 ± 1.73	5.33 ± 2.19	<0.01/<0.01	0.06
CAL (mm) of sites for qRT-PCR	0.38 ± 0.51	5.33 ± 1.63	4.60 ± 1.76	<0.01/<0.01	0.01
CAL (mm) of sites for 16S RNA sequencing	0.31 ± 0.48	6.00 ± 1.73	5.27 ± 2.19	<0.01/<0.01	0.03
FGM (mm) of sites for metabololipidomics	2.54 ± 0.52	0.47 ± 1.60	0.00 ± 1.89	<0.01/<0.01	0.29
FGM (mm) of sites for qRT-PCR	2.46 ± 0.52	0.53 ± 1.19	-0.47 ± 1.68	<0.01/<0.01	0.04
FGM (mm) of sites for 16S RNA sequencing	2.54 ± 0.52	0.47 ± 1.60	0.00 ± 1.96	<0.01/<0.01	0.29
Presence of BOP at sites for metabololipidomics	1/13	14/15	14/15	<0.01/<0.01	1.00
Presence of BOP at sites for qRT-PCR	3/13	14/15	15/15	<0.01/<0.01	0.32
Presence of BOP at sites for 16S RNA sequencing	1/13	14/15	14/15	<0.01/<0.01	1.00

PD, probing depth; CAL, clinical attachment level; FGM, level of free gingival margin; negative value indicates gingival recession (gingival margin is below cementoenamel junction); BOP, bleeding on probing; NA, not available due to the subjects are the same in the P and A groups; p-values were calculated using Student’s t-test, paired t-test, Chi-squared test or McNemar test.