Table 1.
Genetic variants known to affect the pharmacokinetics of anti-HIV drugs
| Drugs | Class | Genes | Variants | Effect on patients |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abacavir | NRTI | HLA-B | rs2395029 (*57:01) | Hypersensitivity reaction |
| Atazanavir | PI | UGT1A1 | rs8175347 (*28,*37) | Predisposition to hyperbilirubinemia |
| Efavirenz | NNRTI | CYP2A6 | rs1801272 (*2), rs5031016 (*7,*10,*19), rs28399433 (*9) | Predisposition to high drug plasma levels and treatment discontinuation |
| Efavirenz and Nevirapine | NNRTI | CYP2B6 | rs3745274 (*6), rs12721655 (*8,*13), rs35303484 (*11), rs36060847 (*12), rs35773040 (*14), rs35979566 (*15), rs28399499 (*16,*18) | Predisposition to high drug plasma levels |
| Etravirine | NNRTI | CYP2C9, CYP2C19 | rs1057910 (*3), rs4424285 (*2) | Predisposition to high drug plasma levels |
| Lopinavir | PI | ABCC2, CYP3A | rs717620 (T), rs6945984 (C) | Predisposition to high drug plasma levels |
| Lopinavir | PI | SLCO1B1 | rs4149056 (*5), rs17329885 (*4) | Predisposition to low drug plasma levels |
NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor.