Table 2.
Modified Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale21 Items and Total Scores for Included Articles
| Study (Year) |
Item, Score (Point) |
Total |
|||||||
| Selectiona |
Comparabilityb | Outcomec |
|||||||
| Q1 |
Q2 |
Q3 |
Q4 |
Q1 |
Q1 |
Q2 |
Q3 |
||
| Arnason et al12 (2004) | c (0) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | 6 |
| Attenborough et al13 (2016) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Bahr and Bahr27 (1997) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Barrett et al14 (1993) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Baumhauer et al15 (1995) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Cumps et al34 (2007) | c (0) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 6 |
| de Noronha et al11 (2013) | c (0) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 6 |
| Ekstrand and Gillquist28 (1983) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | 7 |
| Faude et al29 (2006) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | 7 |
| Frey et al23 (2010) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | d (0) | 6 |
| Hartley et al24 (2018) | c (0) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | d (0) | 5 |
| Henry et al33 (2016) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | d (0) | 6 |
| Hiller et al16 (2008) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | a (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Kofotolis and Kellis30 (2007) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Kofotolis et al31 (2007) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | 7 |
| McGuine and Keene25 (2006) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Meeuwisse et al26 (2003) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | b (1) | 7 |
| Milgrom et al32 (1991) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | d (0) | 6 |
| Pourkazemi et al8 (2018) | a (1) | a (1) | b (1) | NA | a (1) | b (1) | a (1) | a (1) | 7 |
Abbreviations: NA, not applicable; Q, question.
a
Q1, Representativeness of the exposed cohort; Q2, Selection of the nonexposed cohort; Q3, Ascertainment of exposure; Q4, Demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at the start of the study.
b
Q1, Comparability of cohorts on the basis of the design or analysis.
c
Q1, Assessment of outcome; Q2, Was follow-up long enough for outcomes to occur?; Q3, Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts.