Table 1:

Summary of the included studies in the systematic review.

Study	Number	Study design	Primary malignancy	Pleurodesis agent	Percent success	HR of poor survival (95% CI)	Median survival (success vs. failure)	Factors controlled for in multi-variate analysis
Viallat 1996	360	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	93	UA	7.6 vs. 2.6 months, p=0.001	N/A
Love 2003	60	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	47.6	UA	346 vs. 133 days, p=0.03	N/A
Kolschmann 2005	85	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	89.4	UA	No difference in 180 days survival, p=0.44	N/A
Trotter 2005	202	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	88.1	UA	107 vs. 45 days, p=0.26	N/A
Stefani 2006	109	Prospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	83	UA	9.4, vs. 5.8 m, p=0.048	N/A
AK 2009	42	Retrospective	Mesothelioma	Talc	61.9	2.59 (1.20–5.61)	UA	Chemotherapy
Nikbakhsh 2011	50	Prospective	Miscellaneous	Bleomycin	88	UA	No difference in 180 days survival, p=0.57	N/A
Rena 2015	172	Retrospective	Mesothelioma	Talc	76	2.54 (1.73–4.40)	UA	Mesothelioma subtype, cancer stage, performance status, elevated serum CRP, elevated platelet count
Hsu 2016	26	Prospective	Lung & breast	Minocycline	64	UA	220 vs. 112 days, p=0.015	N/A
Santos 2017	202	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	70.7	UA	400 vs. 170 days, p=0.01	N/A
Leemans 2018	155	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	78	1.92 (1.09–3.33)	169 vs. 66 days, p=0.02	N/A
Hsu 2019a	205	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Minocycline	69	3.70 (2.43–5.55)	414 vs. 100 days, p<0.001	Performance status, extrapleural metastasis
Hsu 2019b	109	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Minocycline	70.5	2.67 (1.66–4.34)	259 vs. 102 days, p<0.001	Performance status, extrapleural metastasis
Hassan 2019a	266	RCT	Miscellaneous	Talc	78	1.62 (1.09–2.34)	12 vs. 7.3 months, p=0.004	Primary malignancy, unexpandable lung
Hassan 2019b	60	Retrospective	Miscellaneous	Talc	48	2.85 (1.08–7.50)	16 vs. 5 months, p=0.007	Primary malignancy, systemic therapy, LDH level, unexpandable lung

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; UA, unavailable; N/A, not applicable; RCT, randomised controlled trial.