Table 1.
Comparison of ICIs-related thyroid dysfunction
| Author & year | Study type | Target tumor | ICIs | Thyroid dysfunction | Incidence | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any Grade | Grade 3-5 | |||||
| (%) | (%) | |||||
| Migden et al., 2020 (24) | RCT | cSCC | Cempilimab | Hypothyroidism | 10.0 | 0 |
| Migden et al., 2018 (25) | RCT | cSCC | Cempilimab | Hypothyroidism | 8.0 | 0 |
| Loibl et al., 2019 (26) | RCT | TNBC | Durvalumab | Hypothyroidism | 7.6 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 9.8 | 0 | ||||
| Mittendorf et al., 2020 (27) | RCT | TNBC | Atezolizumab | Hypothyroidism | 6.7 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 3.0 | 0 | ||||
| Powles et al., 2020 (28) | RCT | UTUC | Avelumab | Hypothyroidism | 11.6 | 0.3 |
| Morris et al., 2017 (29) | RCT | SCCA | Nivolumab | Hypothyroidism | 6.0 | 3.0 |
| Wolchok et al., 2017 (30) | RCT | melanoma | Ipilimumab | Hypothyroidism | 5.0 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 1.0 | 0 | ||||
| Nivolumab | Hypothyroidism | 11.0 | 0 | |||
| Hyperthyroidism | 4.0 | 0 | ||||
| Nivolumab + Ipilimumab | Hypothyroidism | 17.0 | <1.0 | |||
| Hyperthyroidism | 11.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Ascierto et al., 2020 (31) | RCT | melanoma | Nivolumab | Hypothyroidism | <1.0 | 0 |
| Ipilimumab | <1.0 | 0 | ||||
| Eggermont et al., 2018 (32) | RCT | melanoma | Pembrolizumab | Hypothyroidism | 14.3 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroidism | 10.2 | 0.2 | ||||
| Transient thyroiditis | 3.1 | 0 | ||||
| Motzer et al., 2018 (33) | RCT | RCC | Nivolumab + Ipilimumab | Hypothyroidism | 16.0 | <1.0 |
| Koshkin et al., 2018 (34) | RCT | RCC | Nivolumab | Hypothyroidism | 7.0 | 0 |
| McDermott, et al., 2021 (35) | RCT | RCC | Pembrolizumab | Hyperthyroidism | 5.5 | 0 |
| Osorio et al., 2017 (9) | RCT | NSCLC | Pembrolizumab | Hypothyroidism | 8.0 | NA |
| Transient thyroiditis | 13.0 | NA | ||||
| Hellmann et al., 2019 (36) | RCT | NSCLC | Nivolumab + Ipilimumab | Hypothyroidism | 12.0 | <1.0 |
| Hellmann et al., 2018 (37) | RCT | Lung Cancer | Nivolumab + Ipilimumab | Hypothyroidism | 11.6 | 0.3 |
| Nivolumab | 6.4 | 0.3 | ||||
| Patel et al., 2020 (38) | RCT | Neuroendocrine Neoplasms | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Hypothyroidism | 31.3 | 0 |
ICIs, immune checkpoint inhibitors; RCT, a randomized controlled trial; cSCC, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; TNBC, triple-negative breast cancer; UTUC, urothelial carcinoma; SCCA, squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; NA, not available.