Table 5.

Effects of HDL, reconstituted HDL, synthetic HDL or HDL-associated enzymes on dendritic cell function in human studies utilizing monocyte-derived dendritic cells and in studies utilizing animal models.

HDL, HDL-Associated Enzyme, rHDL, sHDL	Human Study/Animal Model	Effect on Dendritic Cells	References
Human studies
HDL	Human dendritic cells	Impaired ability to activate T cells, decreased IFN-γ, IL-12 and TNF-α secretion	[270]
Animal studies
HDL, HDL-PAF-AH	ApoE/LDL-deficiency mouse model	Increased migration, restored immunologic priming	[266]
rHDL-containing apoA-I and PC	Mouse BMDCs	Decreased MHC class II, CD40, CD80 and CD86 expression and IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-23, TNF-α and IL-10 secretion; decreased Myd88 mRNA levels	[269]
sHDL	BMDCs from a hepatocellular carcinoma mouse model	Decreased tumor burden triggered immunogenic cell death and induced maturation of dendritic cells	[271]

A summary of the effects of HDL, reconstituted and synthetic HDL, as well as HDL-associated enzymes on dendritic cell activation and functional properties is given, as described from human studies utilizing monocyte-derived dendritic cells or studies utilizing animal models. Abbreviations: apoA-I—apolipoprotein A-I; apoE—apolipoprotein E; BMDCs—bone marrow-derived dendritic cells; CD—cluster of differentiation; HDL—high-density lipoprotein; IFN-γ—interferon γ; IL—interleukin; LDL—low-density lipoprotein; MHC—major histocompatibility complex; PAF-AH—platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase; PC—phosphatidylcholine; rHDL—reconstituted high-density lipoprotein; sHDL—synthetic high-density lipoprotein; TNF-α—tumor necrosis factor α.