Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| All patients (N = 93), mean (±SD), number (%) | Patients with clinically relevant bleeding (N = 15), mean (±SD), number (%) | Patients without clinically relevant bleeding (N = 78), mean (±SD), number (%) | Significance (p-value) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inclusion criteria | ||||
| Female gender | 49 (52.7%) | 7 (46.7%) | 42 (53.8%) | 0.610 |
| Age >75 years | 49 (52.7%) | 8 (53.3%) | 41 (52.6%) | 0.956 |
| Age (years) | 72.4 (9.0) | 70.5 (8.6) | 72.8 (9.1) | 0.359 |
| Weight <60 kg | 6 (6.5%) | 2 (13.3%) | 4 (5.1%) | 0.236 |
| Hypertension | 86 (92.5%) | 12 (80.0%) | 74 (86.9%) | 0.080 |
| Anemia | 22 (23.7%) | 8 (53.3%) | 14 (17.9%) | 0.003* |
| eGFR <60 ml/min | 51 (54.8%) | 9 (60.0%) | 42 (53.8%) | 0.661 |
| Renal function (eGFR ml/min) | 59.6 (20.1) | 55.5 (20.7) | 60.4 (20.0) | 0.390 |
| Known hepatitis or liver transplant | 0 (0%) | 0 | 0 | – |
| TIA/CVA in medical history | 24 (25.8%) | 7 (46.7%) | 17 (21.8%) | 0.044* |
| Bleeding in medical history | 8 (8.6%) | 2 (13.3%) | 6 (7.7%) | 0.475 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 32 (34.4%) | 4 (26.7%) | 28 (35.9%) | 0.491 |
| NSAID usage | 8 (8.6%) | 1 (6.7%) | 7 (9.0%) | 0.770 |
| SSRI usage | 5 (5.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (6.4%) | 0.313 |
| Gastric ulcer/bleeding in medical history | 15 (16.1%) | 5 (33.3%) | 10 (12.8%) | 0.062 |
| High-risk referral | 14 (15.1%) | 1 (6.7%) | 13 (16.7%) | 0.680 |
| Laboratory characteristics | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.2 (1.0) | 12.9 (1.1) | 13.4(1,0) | 0.245 |
| Hematocrit (L/L) | 0.40 (0.04) | 0.39 (0.05) | 0,40 (0,04) | 0.356 |
| Thrombocytes (×109/L) | 252.0 (72.7) | 252.9 (66.6) | 251.8 (74.2) | 0.958 |
| Leukocytes (×109/L) | 7.5 (2.05) | 6.9 (2.0) | 7.6 (2.1) | 0.217 |
| PT (s) | 10.5 (0.5) | 10.7 (0.6) | 10.5 (0.5) | 0.113 |
| aPTT (s) | 26.3 (2.0) | 26.2 (1.5) | 26.3 (2.1) | 0.821 |
| Patient characteristics | ||||
| Smoking | 15 (16.1%) | 1 (6.7%) | 14 (17.9%) | 0.314 |
| ≥8 glasses of alcohol per week** | 10 (10.8%) | 2 (13.3%) | 8 (10.3%) | 0.346 |
| Dyslipidemia | 35 (37.6%) | 7 (46.7%) | 28 (35.9%) | 0.430 |
| Malignancy (active) | 7 (7.5%) | 3 (20.0%) | 4 (5.1%) | 0.080 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 4 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (5.1%) | 1.000 |
| PPI usage | 75 (80.6%) | 14 (93.3%) | 61 (78.2%) | 0.174 |
| ACS as PCI indication | 59 (63.4%) | 11 (73.3%) | 48 (61.5%) | 0.385 |
| Interval PCI to T1 in days | 54.7 (31.2) | 65.9 (47.2) | 52.5 (27.01) | 0.128 |
| Antithrombotics | ||||
| Aspirin | 93 (100%) | 15 (100%) | 78 (100%) | – |
| Clopidogrel | 69 (74.2%) | 11 (73.3%) | 58 (74.3%) | 0.934 |
| Ticagrelor | 5 (5.4%) | 1 (6.7%) | 4 (5.1%) | 0.809 |
| Prasugrel | 19 (20.4%) | 3 (20.0%) | 16 (20.5%) | 0.964 |
| Treatment period | ||||
| DAPT duration 6 months | 13 (14.0%) | 3 (20.0%) | 10 (12.8%) | 0.463 |
| DAPT duration 9 to 12 months | 80 (86.0%) | 12 (80.0%) | 68 (87.2%) | |
The meaning of the bold values with an asterisk is described in the subheading
*
p < 0.05 is considered as significant.
N, number of patients; SD, standard deviations; BARC, bleeding academic research consortium; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; TIA, transient ischemic attack; CVA, cerebral vascular attack; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; PT, prothrombin time; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; DAPT, dual antiplatelet therapy.
**
A cutoff value of ≥8 glasses of alcohol per week was chosen based on the HASBLED bleeding score (34).