Table 4.
Comparison among NCGS and IBS characteristics.
| NCGS | IBS | |
|---|---|---|
| Food trigger | Gluten, ATIs, FODMAPs | Not restricted to wheat components found in gluten-containing cereals |
| Prevalence | 0.49–14.9% | 1.1–35.5% |
| HLA DQ2/DQ8 | 50% presents HLA DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes | No HLA DQ2/DQ8 restricted |
| Histology | Marsh 0 to I | Normal |
| Clinical manifestations | Intestinal and extraintestinal | Intestinal |
| Diagnosis | DBPC gluten challenge | Rome IV criteria |
| NvI | >1 | <1 |
| Treatment | GFD, low-FODMAP diet | Multi-approach treatment (may benefit with a GFD and low-FODMAP diet) |
Acronyms. NCGS: non-celiac gluten sensitivity, IBS: Irritable bowel syndrome, FODMAPs: fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols, DBPCGC: double-blind placebo-controlled gluten challenge, NvI: index for discriminating, GFD: gluten-free diet.