Table 3.
Most frequently reported genes with HBV integrants in HCC tumors.
| RTG | Full Gene Name | Subjects (n) |
Junctions (n) |
Cancer Associated [Ref] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TERT 1 | Telomerase reverse transcriptase | 357 | 561 | Multiple cancers [63] |
| MLL4 (KMT2B) | Lysine methyltransferase 2B | 130 | 220 | HCC [52,64], Spindle cell sarcoma [65], Gastric cancer [66] |
| PLEKHG4B | Pleckstrin Homology and RhoGEF Domain Containing G4B | 38 | 115 | Neuroblastoma [67] |
| LOC100288778 | WAS protein family homolog 8 pseudogene | 34 | 79 | SCLC [68] |
| DDX11L1 | DEAD/H-Box Helicase 11 Like 1 | 33 | 57 | Function unknown |
| CCNE1 | Cyclin E1 | 31 | 54 | Multiple cancers [69] |
| CCNA2 | Cyclin A2 | 26 | 45 | Multiple cancers [70] |
| SNTG1 | Syntrophin Gamma 1 | 25 | 27 | Lung adenocarcinoma [71] |
| PGBD2 | PiggyBac Transposable Element Derived 2 | 22 | 51 | Function unknown |
| DUX4L4 | Double homeobox 4 like 4 pseudogene | 20 | 35 | DUX4 Ewing’s sarcoma [72], ALL [73] |
| ROCK1P1 | Rho Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 1 Pseudogene 1 | 20 | 35 | Prostate cancer [74] |
| ANKRD26P1 | ankyrin repeat domain 26 pseudogene 1 | 19 | 72 | Breast cancer [75] |
| PARD6G | Par-6 Family Cell Polarity Regulator Gamma | 19 | 42 | Breast, kidney, liver, lung, ovary, and pancreatic cancers [76] |
| FN1 | Fibronectin 1 | 17 | 18 | Multiple cancers [77] |
| CWH43 | Cell Wall Biogenesis 43 C-Terminal Homolog | 14 | 73 | CRC and TSHomas [78] |
| TPTE | Transmembrane Phosphatase with Tensin Homology | 13 | 30 | HCC [79], prostate cancer [80] |
| FAM157A | Family with Sequence Similarity 157 Member A | 14 | 22 | Function unknown |
| LOC728323/LINC01881 | Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA 1881 | 13 | 22 | Oral cancer [81] |
| EMBP1 | Embigin pseudogene 1 | 12 | 27 | Oropharyngeal carcinoma [82], multiple primary cancers [83] |
| OR4C6 | Olfactory Receptor Family 4 Subfamily C Member 6 | 12 | 22 | Pancreatic cancer [84] |
| PRMT2 | Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 2 | 12 | 15 | Glioblastoma [85] |
| ROCK1 | Rho Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 1 | 12 | 23 | HCC [86,87,88,89], CRC [90] |
| ANHX | Anomalous Homeobox | 11 | 16 | Function unknown |
| CTNND2 | Catenin Delta 2 | 11 | 14 | HCC [91,92], prostate cancer [93], lung cancer [94] |
| DDX11L9 | DEAD/H-Box Helicase 11 Like 9 (Pseudogene) | 11 | 16 | Function unknown |
| SENP5 | SUMO Specific Peptidase 5 | 11 | 11 | HCC [95], breast cancer [96] |
| ZNF595 | Zinc Finger Protein 595 | 11 | 14 | Lung cancer [97], Gastric cancer [98] |
| CDRT7 | CMT1A Duplicated Region Transcript 7 | 10 | 10 | Glioma [99] |
1 The number of reported TERT junctions is slightly skewed, because one of the references [45] only reported the number of TERT promoter integrations. RTG, recurrently targeted gene; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; ALL, acute lymphocytic leukemia; CRC, colorectal cancer; TSHoma, thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma; CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; RCC, renal cell carcinoma.