Table 1.
Polytobacco Users of Cigarettes, ENDS, and Cigars and Their Prevalence of Wheezing Symptoms Adults in the United States (n = 1622)—The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Wave 3
| Product combinations used by polytobacco users | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ENDS and cigars (referent) | Cigarettes and ENDS | Cigarettes and cigars | ENDS, cigarettes, and cigars | ||||
| N = 72 | N = 827 | N = 580 | N = 143 | ||||
| Dependent wheezing symptom variables | N (%) | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a | N (%) | aOR (95% CI)a |
| Ever had wheezing or whistling in chest at any time in the past | |||||||
| No | 47 (66.4) | 450 (54.5) | Ref | 325 (55.9) | Ref | 81 (53.6) | Ref |
| Yes | 25 (33.6) | 377 (45.5) | 1.03 (0.42, 2.54) | 255 (44.2) | 1.19 (0.45, 3.15) | 62 (46.4) | 1.40 (0.52, 3.79) |
| In the past 12 mo, had wheezing or whistling in chest | |||||||
| No | 16 (18.7) | 279 (33.9) | Ref | 207 (36.1) | Ref | 46 (34.3) | Ref |
| Yes | 56 (81.3) | 548 (66.1) | 1.52 (0.53, 4.32) | 373 (63.9) | 1.95 (0.62, 6.08) | 96 (65.7) | 1.95 (0.62, 6.15) |
| In the past 12 mo, number of wheezing attacks | |||||||
| None | 59 (84.0) | 583 (70.6) | 391 (67.0) | 102 (68.2) | |||
| 1–12 | 13 (16.0) | 195 (23.7) | 147 (25.7) | 33 (24.3) | |||
| More than 12 | 0 | 48 (5.7) | 40 (7.3) | 7 (7.6) | |||
| In the past 12 mo, how often had sleep disturbed due to wheezing | |||||||
| Never | 62 (86.7) | 725 (87.7) | Ref | 481 (83.0) | Ref | 121 (82.5) | Ref |
| Less than one night a week | 8 (10.2) | 59 (7.1) | 0.57 (0.12, 2.73) | 55 (9.4) | 1.02 (0.19, 5.36) | 12 (9.0) | 0.77 (0.19, 3.05) |
| One or more nights per week | 2 (3.1) | 41 (5.2) | 0.70 (0.08, 5.96) | 42 (7.6) | 0.79 (0.07, 9.39) | 9 (8.6) | 1.86 (0.19, 18.02) |
| In the past 12 mo, had speech limited to only one or two words between breaths due to wheezing | |||||||
| No | 67 (91.9) | 787 (95.6) | Ref | 537 (93.1) | Ref | 133 (93.8) | Ref |
| Yes | 5 (8.1) | 39 (4.4) | 0.63 (0.04, 10.31) | 41 (6.9) | 1.18 (0.06, 21.81) | 9 (6.2) | 1.05 (0.06, 20.02) |
| In past 12 mo, chest has sounded wheezy during or after exercise | |||||||
| No | 58 (86.2) | 610 (74.8) | Ref | 435 (75.5) | Ref | 103 (68.6) | Ref |
| Yes | 13 (13.9) | 213 (25.2) | 2.32 (0.53, 10.04) | 144 (24.5) | 2.20 (0.45, 10.77) | 40 (31.4) | 3.20 (0.72, 14.29) |
Polytobacco use included cigarette, ENDS, and cigar use. Results for ever wheezing, past 12-mo wheezing, past 12-mo limited speech due to wheezing, and past 12-mo wheezing during or after exercise are from multivariable logistic regression, and results for past 12-mo number of wheezing attacks and past 12-mo frequency of sleep disturbed due to wheezing are from multinomial logistic regressions models. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals are reported. Bolded point estimates indicates statistical significance at p < .05. The model for number of wheezing attacks could not reach convergence (grayed out cells). aOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; ENDS = electronic nicotine delivery system; ref = referent category.
aAdjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, body mass index, insurance, asthma, and secondhand smoke exposure (lived with smoker during childhood, currently live with a smoker, rules about smoking combustible product inside home, and rules about using ENDS inside home).