Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the participants across dietary diversity score tertiles.
| Variables | Dietary Diversity Score a | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | ||
| Number of participants | 991 | 1076 | 1018 | |
| Age (year) | 62.1(5.6) | 61.6(5.5) | 61.9(5.6) | 0.088 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.3(3.8) | 23.9(3.4) | 24.4(3.2) | <0.001 |
| Gender | 0.166 | |||
| Men | 44.1 | 48.2 | 46.7 | |
| Women | 55.9 | 51.8 | 53.3 | |
| Region of residence | <0.001 | |||
| Southern China | 60.9 | 69.1 | 63.0 | |
| Northern China | 39.1 | 30.9 | 37.0 | |
| Residency | <0.001 | |||
| Rural | 84.2 | 65.1 | 36.1 | |
| Urban | 15.8 | 34.9 | 63.9 | |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| Primary school and below | 80.7 | 61.9 | 35.1 | |
| Middle school and above | 19.3 | 38.1 | 64.9 | |
| Per capita household income | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 54.0 | 32.4 | 11.8 | |
| Middle | 31.1 | 37.7 | 25.3 | |
| High | 14.9 | 29.9 | 62.9 | |
| Marriage status | <0.001 | |||
| Married | 83.9 | 88.4 | 90.2 | |
| Others | 16.1 | 11.6 | 9.8 | |
| Smoking | 0.001 | |||
| Current smoker | 30.1 | 28.0 | 23.1 | |
| Non-smoker | 69.9 | 72.0 | 76.9 | |
| Alcohol use (times/week) | 0.474 | |||
| <1 | 79.8 | 78.0 | 77.8 | |
| ≥1 | 20.2 | 22.0 | 22.2 | |
a Dietary diversity scores were grouped into tertiles from low to high (T1: 1.7–3.3, T2: 3.5–4.3, and T3: 4.4–8.0). Continuous variables are presented as means and standard deviations; categorical variables are presented as percentages. Continuous variables were compared across dietary diversity score tertiles by ANOVA; categorical variables were compared by Chi-square tests.