Table 1. Descriptive characteristics of the study sample and Pelotas birth cohort sample.
| Characteristic | Cohort characteristic (n = 4,275) | Inter-NDA sample (n = 3,870) |
|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 2,164 (50.6) | 1,965 (50.8) |
| Female | 2,111 (49.4) | 1,905 (49.2) |
| Mother’s age | ||
| ≤ 20 | 805 (18.8) | 719 (18.5) |
| 21–30 | 2,067 (48.4) | 1,883 (48.7) |
| ≥ 31 | 1,402 (32.8) | 1,268 (32.8) |
| Income | ||
| 1 (low) | 796 (19.8) | 716 (19.6) |
| 2 | 807 (20.1) | 732 (20.1) |
| 3 | 804 (20.0) | 741 (20.3) |
| 4 | 895 (22.3) | 820 (22.5) |
| 5 (high) | 714 (17.8) | 636 (17.5) |
| Maternal education (years) | ||
| 0–4 | 391 (9.2) | 342 (8.9) |
| 5–8 | 1,095 (25.6) | 1,003 (25.9) |
| 9–11 | 1,458 (34.1) | 1,344 (34.7) |
| ≥ 12 | 1,330 (31.1) | 1,180 (30.5) |
| Pre term (< 37 weeks) | ||
| Yes | 663 (15.5) | 570 (14.7) |
| No | 3,612 (84.5) | 3,300 (85.3) |
| Low birth weight (< 2,500g) | ||
| No | 3,830 (89.9) | 3,497 (90.4) |
| Yes | 428 (10.1) | 371 (9.6) |
| Maternal depression (3m) | ||
| No | 3,642 (88.9) | 3,395 (89.0) |
| Yes | 453 (11.1) | 420 (11.0) |
| Storytelling (2y) | ||
| No | 1,912 (47.7) | 1,851 (47.9) |
| Yes | 2,099 (52.3) | 2,016 (52.1) |
| Child visits parks (2y) | ||
| No | 1,678 (41.8) | 1,629 (42.1) |
| Yes | 2,333 (58.2) | 2,238 (57.9) |
| Child visits other houses (2y) | ||
| No | 638 (15.9) | 592 (15.3) |
| Yes | 3,373 (84.1) | 3,275 (84.7) |
| Participation in PIM program (2y) | ||
| No | 3,637 (90.7) | 3,500 (90.5) |
| Yes | 374 (9.3) | 367 (9.5) |
Note: Highest number of missing for income (n = 3,645).