Table 3. Association between early childhood development at two years and sample characteristics (n = 3,870).

Characteristic	DEVELOPMENT
	COGNITIVE β (95%CI)	FINE MOTOR β (95%CI)	GROSS MOTOR β (95%CI)	LANGUAGE β (95%CI)
Sex
Male	0	0	0	0
Female	2.02 (1.10–2.93)	1.01 (0.18–1.84)	-1.72 (-2.56– -0.88)	6.86 (5.52–8.20)
Mother’s age
≤ 20	0	0	0	0
21–30	0.92 (-0.33–2.17)	-0.61 (-1.74–0.52)	0.24 (-0.91–1.40)	-0.10 (-1.95–1.75)
≥ 31	0.98 (-0.34–2.32)	-1.41 (-2.61– -0.20)	0.16 (-1.06–1.39)	-0.66 (-2.63–1.31)
Income
1 (low)	0	0	0	0
2	-1.05 (-2.53–0.44)	-0.50 (-1.87–0.86)	-0.40 (-1.78–0.98)	0.88 (-1.31–3.08)
3	1.45 (-0.02–2.93)	0.23 (-1.13–1.59)	1.43 (0.06–2.81)	3.03 (0.83–5.22)
4	2.55 (1.11–4.00)	0.57 (-0.76–1.90)	0.67 (-0.68–2.01)	4.63 (2.49–6.77)
5 (high)	5.14 (3.61–6.68)	1.16 (-0.25–2.58)	0.83 (-0.60–2.66)	8.43 (6.15–10.71)
Maternal education (years)
0–4	0	0	0	0
5–8	0.41 (-1.36–2.18)	1.31 (-0.31–2.92)	0.14 (-1.51–1.79)	3.61 (0.99–6.23)
9–11	2.21 (0.50–3.92)	0.70 (-0.86–2.26)	0.81 (-0.78–2.40)	5.73 (3.20–8.26)
≥ 12	5.02 (3.29–6.76)	1.57 (-0.02–3.15)	0.55 (-1.07–2.16)	10.03 (7.46–12.59)
Pre term (< 37 weeks)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	-3.28 (-4.57– -1.99)	-3.02 (-4.18– -1.85)	0.27 (-0.92–1.46)	-6.07 (-7.97– -4.16)
Low birth weight (< 2,500g)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	-2.64 (-4.20– -1.09)	-2.03 (-3.44–-0.62)	-0.13 (-1.57–1.31)	-5.15 (-7.45– -2.44)
Maternal depression (3m)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	-1.44 (-2.91–0.04)	-0.65 (-1.99–0.69)	-0.29 (-1.65–1.07)	-3.62 (-5.80– -1.44)
Storytelling (2y)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	3.15 (2.24–4.07)	1.43 (0.60–2.26)	0.43 (-0.41–1.28)	5.80 (4.45–7.15)
Child visits parks (2y)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	1.97 (1.04–2.89)	-0.11 (-0.95–0.73)	0.44 (-0.42–1.29)	2.36 (0.99–3.74)
Child visits other houses (2y)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	3.19 (1.93–4.46)	1.18 (0.02–2.33)	1.87 (0.69–3.04)	4.35 (2.47–6.23)
Participation in PIM (2y)
No	0	0	0	0
Yes	-1.05 (-2.61–0.51)	-0.82 (-2.23–0.60)	0.76 (-0.68–2.20)	-3.80 (-6.12– -1.49)