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. 2021 Jun 18;55:32. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002958

Table 4. Association between center-based child care attendance and early childhood development at 2 years.

  Crude Model I Model II
BETA (95%CI) BETA (95%CI) BETA (95%CI)
Cognitive development   < 0.001*   < 0.001*   0.001*
Never 0   0   0  
Some point in life 2.53 (1.41–3.65) 1.67 (0.50–2.85) 1.35 (0.17–2.53)
Always 4.21 (2.68–5.74) 2.87 (1.26–4.78) 2.44 (0.83–4.05)
Fine motor skills   0.18*   0.25*   0.48*
Never 0   0   0  
Some point in life 0.60 (-0.42–1.61) 0.52 (-0.56–1.61) 0.32 (-0.78–1.41)
Always 0.72 (-0.66–2.11) 0.69 (-0.79–2.17) 0.44 (-1.05–1.93)
Gross motor skills   0.86*   0.68*   0.54*
Never 0   0   0  
Some point in life -0.47 (-1.51–0.57) -0.55 (-1.66–0.55) -0.64 (-1.76–0.47)
Always 0.21 (-1.22–1.63) 0.01 (-1.51–1.52) -0.13 (-1.65–1.39)
Language development   < 0.001*   0.04*   0.24*
Never 0   0   0  
Some point in life 2.16 (0.50–3.82) 0.53 (-1.19–2.24) -0.17 (-1.90–1.55)
Always 5.26 (2.99–7.53) 2.68 (0.33–5.02) 1.83 (-0.52–4.19)

Crude analysis (n = 3,778); Model I: adjusted for sex, maternal age, family income, maternal education, gestational age, low birth weight, and maternal depression (n = 3,561); Model II: Model I + stimulation variables (n = 3,561); * Test for trend.