Summary of findings 1. Intervention for reducing sedentary behaviour in community‐dwelling older adults.
| Patient or population: Older adults living independently in the community Setting: Community Intervention: Intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour Comparison: No intervention, or intervention not targeting sedentary behaviour | ||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Risk with control | Risk with intervention to reduce sedentary behaviour | |||
| Primary outcomes | ||||
| Sedentary time Follow‐up: range 1 week to 12 months | The mean sedentary time ranged from 541 to 1240 minutes/day. | MD 44.91 minutes/day lower
(93.13 lower to 3.32 higher) |
397 (7 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW 1 2 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Physical function Assessed with: Short Physical Performance Battery (higher score is better) Scale from: 0 to 12 Follow‐up: mean 12 weeks | The mean physical function ranged from 11.3 to 11.4. | MD 0.14 higher (0.38 lower to 0.66 higher) | 98 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW 3 |
| Waist circumference Follow‐up: range 8 weeks to 12 weeks | The mean waist circumference ranged from 103 to 114 cm. | MD 1.14 cm higher (1.64 lower to 3.93 higher) | 100 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW 3 |
| Systolic blood pressure Follow‐up: range 8 weeks to 12 weeks | The mean systolic blood pressure ranged from 123 to 141 mmHg. | MD 3.91 mmHg lower (10.95 lower to 3.13 higher) | 138 (3 RCTs) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure Follow‐up: range 8 weeks to 12 weeks | The mean diastolic blood pressure ranged from 67 to 77 mmHg. | MD 0.06 mmHg lower (5.72 lower to 5.60 higher) | 138 (3 RCTs) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 1 3 |
|
Level of glucose in blood Follow‐up: range 8 weeks to 12 weeks |
The mean level of glucose in blood ranged from 105 to 114 mg/dL. | MD 2.20 mg/dL higher (6.46 lower to 10.86 higher) | 100 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ LOW 3 |
| Adverse effects | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | No studies measured adverse effects. |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI).
CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference; RCT: randomised controlled trial | ||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | ||||
1Downgraded one level for inconsistency due to wide variance of point estimates across studies (high heterogeneity). 2Downgraded one level for imprecision due to wide confidence intervals. 3Downgraded two levels for imprecision due to very small sample sizes.