Fig. 7. Resection of primary tumor significantly reduces metastasis.

a Schematic representation of tumor resection and treatment timeline with milk-derived EVs. b Total lung flux to quantify breast cancer metastasis is depicted (n = 4). c Lungs were excised from the mice at the endpoint and subjected to bioluminescence. d Pathological examination of lung metastases and quantification of visible metastases on the surface of the tissue (n = 4). e Relative metastatic tumor burden is depicted (n = 4). All data are represented as mean ± s.e.m. Statistical significance was determined by unpaired two-tailed t-test.