Table 3.
Overview of the analyzed test performance measures of various pathogens in oral fluid samples compared to conventional samples (serum, nasal swabs, and fecal samples).
| Pathogen | First sampling | Second sampling | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE | SP | PPV | NPV | LRp | LRn | κ | p | SE | SP | PPV | NPV | LRp | LRn | κ | p | |
| IgG anti-Salmonella ELISA | 0 (0) | 1(0) | NA | 0.772 (0.043) | NA | 1 (0) | NA | NA | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | NA | 0.558 (0.051) | NA | 1 (0) | NA | NA |
| IgG anti-hepatitis E virus ELISA | 0.250 (0.108) | 0.921 (0.031) | 0.400 (0.145) | 0.854 (0.039) | 3.167 (0.584) | 0.814 (0.148) | 0.185 | 0.238 | 0.543 (0.055) | 0.522 (0.104) | 0.800 (0.054) | 0.245 (0.061) | 1.136 (0.240) | 0.876 (0.233) | 0.088 | <0.001 |
| MRSA culture | 0.364 (0.145) | 0.990 (0.010) | 0.800 (0.179) | 0.932 (0.025) | 35.273 (1.072) | 0.643 (0.228) | 0.466 | 0.077 | 0.600 (0.155) | 0.974 (0.015) | 0.667 (0.157) | 0.966 (0.017) | 23.400 (0.063) | 0.411 (0.388) | 0.604 | 1 |
| Y.e. culture | 0.292 (0.093) | 0.710 (0.055) | 0.259 (0.084) | 0.742 (0.054) | 1.006 (0.370) | 0.997 (0.152) | 0.012 | 0.868 | 0.208 (0.082) | 0.885 (0.036) | 0.357 (0.128) | 0.784 (0.044) | 1.806 (0.507) | 0.895 (0.112) | 0.082 | 0.061 |
Numbers in parentheses are standard errors. IgG = immunoglobulin G; κ = Cohen kappa; LRn = negative likelihood ratio; LRp = positive likelihood ratio; MRSA = methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; NA = not assessed; NPV = negative predictive value; p-value, McNemar test; PPV = positive predictive value; SE = sensitivity; SP = specificity; Y.e. = Yersinia enterocolitica.