Table 1.
Recurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in recovered patients.
| Country | Age (years) | Gender (among RP) | Number of patient involve in study | Symptoms on first infection | Symptoms on second infection | Time interval between discharged and RP (days)* | Rate of infection | Remark | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hong Kong, China | 33 | M | 1 | Symptomatic | Asymptomatic | 123 | Reinfection | (6) | |
| USA | 25 | M | 1 | Symptomatic | Symptomatic with hospitalization | 48 | Reinfection | (36) | |
| Belgium | 52 | F | 1 | Symptomatic | Symptomatic | 93 | Reinfection | (37) | |
| Ecuador | 46 | M | 1 | Symptomatic | Symptomatic | 63 | Reinfection | (38) | |
| India | 25% 28 | F = 1, M = 1 | 2 | Asymptomatic | Asymptomatic | 100 and 101 | Reinfection | (39) | |
| China | 46 | F = 1 | 1 | Mild | Mild | 6 | Reactivation | (40) | |
| Mexico | At least 20 | F = 53.9% among reinfection | 100,432 | Asymptomatic or mild to severe | Mild to severe | 28 | 258/100432 = 0.26% | Reinfection | (7) |
| China | 30–36 | F = 2; M = 2 | 4 | 3 Mild to moderate, and 1 asymptomatic | Asymptomatic | 5–13 | Reactivation | (9) | |
| China | 27–89 (Median age = 56) | F = 12; M = 11 | 651 | Mild to moderate | 12 = moderate, 9 = severe, and 2 = critical | Median = 15 | 23/651 = 3% | Reactivation | (10) |
| China | F>M | 209 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 2–13 | 22/209 = 10.5% | Reactivation | (11) | |
| China | <60 | 262 | Mild to moderate and severe | Mild to moderate | 14 | 38/262 = 14.5% | Reactivation | (12) | |
| USA | 82 | M | 1 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 10 | Reactivation | (31) | |
| USA | 1 | 28 | Reinfection | (22) | |||||
| China | 47.0 (40.5–55.5) | F = 9 (35%), M = 16 (64%) | 51 | Mild to moderate and severe | Mild to moderate and severe | 12–26 | Reactivation | (41) | |
| Turkey | 46 and 47 | M | 2 | Mild | Mild | 100 and 104 | Reinfection | (42) | |
| China | 12–49 | F = 2, M = 2 | 17 | Mild to moderate | Mild | 3 | Reactivation | (43) | |
| USA | 55 | F | 1 | Mild | Mild to moderate | 18 | Reactivation | (44) | |
| China | 50 | M | 1 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 40 | Reinfection | (45) | |
| China | 1–73 | F = 7, M = 6 | 13 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 5–14 | 31% (4/13) | Reactivation | (46) |
| China | 57 | F = 1 | 1 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 4 | Reactivation | (47) | |
| China | 0.92–86 | 92 | Mild to moderate and severe | Mild to moderate and severe | 2–48 | (48) | |||
| China | 0.25–69 | F = 42,M = 45 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 2–19 | Reactivation | (23) | ||
| China | 2.5–12.7 | F = 13, M = 11 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 2.4–12 | Reactivation | (49) | ||
| China | 4–80 (Median age = 37.2) | F = 8,M = 12 | 147 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | Median = 17.25 | Reactivation | (50) | |
| China | 33.5–58.5 (Median age = 46.5) | F = 26,M = 34 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 4–24 | Reactivation | (51) | ||
| China | Median age = 34 | F = 57,M = 36 | 7–14 | Reactivation | (52) | ||||
| China | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 7–11 | Reactivation | (29) | ||||
| China | 2–7 | 14 | 7–17 | Reactivation | (53) | ||||
| China | 18–90 (Median age = 48) | F = 157,M = 128 | 285 | Mild to moderate and severe | Mild to moderate and severe | 5–8 | F = 65.6, M = 44.4 | Reactivation | (54) |
| China | 40 | M | 1 | Mild to moderate and severe | Mild to moderate | 5 | Reactivation | (55) | |
| China | Median age = 54 | F = 70.6%,M = 29.4% | 98 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | <17 | F = 5/32,M = 12/66 | Reactivation | (56) |
| France | 19–91 | F = 45.5%,M = 54.5% | Mild to severe | Mild to severe | 4–27 | Reactivation | (57) | ||
| China | 60–76 | M = 33.3% | 126 | Asymptomatic | 10–18 | Reactivation | (58) | ||
| Korea | 0–>80 | 8922 | Asymptomatic to mild | Median = 19 | Reactivation | (59, 60) | |||
| China | <29–79 | F = 59%,M = 41% | 576 | Median = 14 | Reactivation | (61) | |||
| China | 1–72 | M = 13(65%) | 182 | Mild to moderate | 7–14 | Reactivation | (62) | ||
| China | <12–60 | M = 25 (14.5%) | 172 | Mild to severe | Mild to moderate | 3.46–11.18 | Reactivation | (63) | |
| China | Range = 23–68 | M = 4 (26.7%) | 85 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 9–30 | (64) | ||
| Iran | Median = 52 | M = 5 (55.6%) | 13 | Mild to moderate | Mild to moderate | 15–48 | (65) | ||
| China | 26–72 | M = 3 (37.5%) | 108 | Mild to severe | Asymptomatic | 6–28 | Reactivation | (66) | |
| China | 36–66 | M = 4 (66.7%) | 11 | Mild to moderate | 6–27 | Reactivation | (67) | ||
| China | M = 10 (40%) | 68 | Mild to moderate | <7 | Reactivation | (68) | |||
| China | M = 9 (17.6%) | 51 | Mild to moderate | 7–14 | Reactivation | (69) | |||
| China | 9–62 | M = 8 (53.3%) | 15 | Moderate | Mild | 15 | Reactivation | (70) | |
| Brunei Darussalam | Median = 47 | M = 12 (57.1%) | 106 | Asymptomatic and mild | 11–17 | Reactivation | (71) | ||
| China | M = 1 (50%) | 62 | Mild | Asymptomatic | 6–14 | Reactivation | (72) | ||
| China | 23–57 | M = 14 (70%) | 20 | Mild | Asymptomatic | 7 | Reactivation | (73) | |
| China | 29–87 | M = 23 (43.4%) | 257 | Mild to severe | Asymptomatic and mild | 1–12 | Reactivation | (74) | |
| China | M = 12 (54.5%) | 161 | 1–14 | Reactivation | (75) | ||||
| China | 37 | 1–6 | Reactivation | (76) | |||||
| China | 27–42 | M = 2 (40%) | 55 | Mild to moderate | 4–17 | Reactivation | (77) | ||
| Italy | 37–78 | M = 3 (50%) | 29 | Mild to moderate | Asymptomatic | 13–24 | Reactivation | (78) | |
| China | 18–71 | M = 12 (63.2%) | 71 | Mild to severe | Mild to severe | 1–17 | Reactivation | (79) | |
| China | 19–79 | M = 12 (44.4%) | 285 | Asymptomatic | 15 | Reactivation | (73) | ||
| China | 34 | Severe | Asymptomatic | 15 | Reactivation | (80) | |||
| China | 34–74 | M = 1 (33.3%) | Mild | Asymptomatic | 1–5 | Reactivation | (81) | ||
| China | 70 | M = 1 | 1 | Moderate to severe | Asymptomatic | 13 | Reactivation | (82) | |
| China | 35 | M = 1 | 1 | Mild | Mild | 14 | (83) | ||
| Italy | 48 | M = 1 | 1 | Severe | Moderate | 30 | Reinfection | (84) | |
| China | <67 | M = 4 (57.1%) | Mild to moderate | Asymptomatic | 7–13 | Reactivation | (85) | ||
| China | 54 | M = 1 | 1 | Moderate | Asymptomatic | 4 | Reactivation | (86) | |
| Brazil | 26 | M = 1 | 1 | Mild | Severe | 30 | Reinfection | (87) | |
| China | 21 and 55 | M = 2 | 2 | Moderate | 17 | Reactivation | (88) | ||
| China | 30–56 | Mild to moderate | 3–14 | Reactivation | (89) | ||||
| China | 8 | M = 1 | 1 | Mild | Mild | 15 | Reactivation | (90) | |
| Korea | 8 | M = 1 | 1 | Mild | Mild | 14 | Reactivation | (91) | |
| Switzerland | 77 and 81 | F = 2 | 2 | Moderate | Moderate and severe | 14–21 | Reactivation | (34) | |
| Italy | 69 | F = 1 | 1 | Mild to moderate | Asymptomatic | 23 | Reactivation | (92) | |
| Korea | 72 | F = 1 | 1 | Moderate | 6 | Reactivation | (93) |
*
Time interval between discharged and RP represents the period between the discharge and the time during which a patient tested positive again. Gender represents the RP of each gender.