Table 3.
Psychological manifestations of medical college students vs. nonmedical college students.
| Characteristics | Total | Medical college students | Nonmedical college students | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 954) | (n = 468) | (n = 486) | ||
| PHQ-9 total score | 5.83 ± 5.68 | 5.55 ± 5.78 | 6.10 ± 5.57 | 0.03 |
| Item 1: Little interest in doing things | 0.74 ± 0.81 | 0.72 ± 0.83 | 0.76 ± 0.80 | 0.24 |
| Item 2: Feeling down/depressed/hopeless | 0.68 ± 0.79 | 0.67 ± 0.81 | 0.70 ± 0.78 | 0.33 |
| Item 3: Sleep disorder, or sleeping too much | 0.69 ± 0.86 | 0.66 ± 0.83 | 0.73 ± 0.89 | 0.32 |
| Item 4: Feeling tired or lack of energy | 0.84 ± 0.85 | 0.81 ± 0.88 | 0.86 ± 0.82 | 0.04 |
| Item 5: Loss of appetite or eating too much | 0.70 ± 0.90 | 0.67 ± 0.89 | 0.72 ± 0.90 | 0.26 |
| Item 6: Feel bad, or feel like a failure | 0.63 ± 0.84 | 0.59 ± 0.83 | 0.68 ± 0.85 | 0.04 |
| Item 7: Hard to focus | 0.90 ± 0.95 | 0.82 ± 0.91 | 0.98 ± 0.97 | <0.01 |
| Item 8: Moving slowly, or fidgeting or fidgeting | 0.42 ± 0.73 | 0.40 ± 0.71 | 0.44 ± 0.74 | 0.30 |
| Item 9: The idea of dying or hurting oneself | 0.23 ± 0.58 | 0.22 ± 0.57 | 0.23 ± 0.58 | 0.60 |
| GAD-7 total score | 3.76 ± 4.63 | 3.60 ± 4.66 | 3.91 ± 4.59 | 0.07 |
| Item 1: Feeling nervous/anxious/on edge | 0.69 ± 0.79 | 0.66 ± 0.78 | 0.72 ± 0.79 | 0.20 |
| Item 2: Not being able to stop worrying | 0.57 ± 0.80 | 0.56 ± 0.81 | 0.59 ± 0.80 | 0.46 |
| Item 3: Worry too much about all sorts of things | 0.67 ± 0.87 | 0.61 ± 0.84 | 0.73 ± 0.90 | 0.04 |
| Item 4: Hard to relax | 0.54 ± 0.78 | 0.53 ± 0.77 | 0.56 ± 0.79 | 0.41 |
| Item 5: Fidgeting with restlessness | 0.40 ± 0.70 | 0.40 ± 0.72 | 0.39 ± 0.69 | 0.69 |
| Item 6: Become easily annoyed or irritable | 0.53 ± 0.76 | 0.49 ± 0.75 | 0.57 ± 0.76 | 0.05 |
| Item 7: Feeling scared of something terrible | 0.36 ± 0.68 | 0.35 ± 0.70 | 0.36 ± 0.66 | 0.49 |
| ISI total score | 4.87 ± 4.88 | 4.49 ± 4.73 | 5.24 ± 4.50 | <0.01 |
| Item 1: Falling asleep | 0.58 ± 0.82 | 0.56 ± 0.79 | 0.61 ± 0.84 | 0.62 |
| Item 2: Staying asleep | 0.39 ± 0.71 | 0.37 ± 0.68 | 0.40 ± 0.74 | 0.88 |
| Item 3: Early awakening | 0.38 ± 0.69 | 0.33 ± 0.61 | 0.43 ± 0.76 | 0.04 |
| Item 4: Satisfaction | 1.21 ± 1.09 | 1.12 ± 1.08 | 1.30 ± 1.09 | <0.01 |
| Item 5: Interfere | 0.99 ± 0.99 | 0.89 ± 0.99 | 1.07 ± 0.99 | <0.01 |
| Item 6: Noticeable | 0.70 ± 0.91 | 0.63 ± 0.86 | 0.77 ± 0.95 | 0.02 |
| Item 7: Worried | 0.62 ± 0.86 | 0.59 ± 0.84 | 0.65 ± 0.88 | 0.29 |
PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; ISI, Insomnia Severity Index. Mann–Whitney test for independent samples.