Figure 2.

Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the two types of titanium cylinders with a geometric or trabecular microarchitecture. (A) Raw cylinder with geometric architecture showing the presence of numerous elementary microbeads. (B) Same sample after treatment with HF/HNO₃, note the disappearance of microbeads and many asperities on the titanium surfaces. (C) Same sample at higher magnification: note the smooth surface etched by the chemical treatment. (D) Raw cylinder with a trabecular bone architecture showing the presence of numerous elementary microbeads. (E) Same cylinder showing the effect of treatment with HF/HNO₃, microbeads have been removed and many asperities on titanium surfaces. (F) Same sample at higher magnification: note the smooth surface etched by the chemical treatment