Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with bladder cancer.
| Characteristics | Training cohort*(n=293) | Internal validation cohort (n=73) | External validation cohort (n=75) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.038 | |||
| Median (IQR) | 65 (56,72) | 68 (61,74) | 65 (59,77) | |
| Gender | 0.166 | |||
| Female | 75 (25.6) | 13 (17.8) | 13 (17.3) | |
| Male | 218 (74.4) | 60 (82.2) | 62 (82.7) | |
| CT-reported number of lesions | 0.016 | |||
| Unifocal | 229 (78.2) | 66 (90.4) | 54 (72.0) | |
| Multifocal | 64 (21.8) | 7(9.6) | 21 (28.0) | |
| CT-reported largest lesion diameter (cm) | 0.063 | |||
| Mean ± SD | 2.71 ± 1.67 | 2.33 ± 1.62 | 2.78 ± 1.70 | |
| ≤3 | 188 (64.2) | 57 (78.1) | 52 (69.3) | |
| >3 | 105 (35.8) | 16 (21.9) | 23 (30.7) | |
| CT attenuation of the largest lesion (HU) | 0.030 | |||
| Mean ± SD | 67.1 ± 14.0 | 56.3 ± 20.9 | 70.5 ± 13.0 | |
| Pathologic T stage | 0.010 | |||
| ≤T1 | 217 (74.1) | 58 (79.5) | 44 (58.7) | |
| ≥T2 | 76 (25.9) | 15 (20.5) | 31 (41.3) |
*The training cohort (n=293) is the combination of the development (n=183) and tuning (n=110) cohorts. IQR, interquartile; SD, standard deviation.