Table 4.

Multivariate analysis for risk of AKI in patients treated with low or high PEEP

Crude model
Outcome	Comparisons	OR	95% CI		p value
Acute kidney	Medium vs low	3.75	0.98	14.39	0.0541
injury or failure	High vs. low	8.33	2.45	28.29	0.0007

Adjusted model
Outcome	Comparisons	OR	95% CI		p value
Acute kidney injury or failure	Medium vs. low	1.91	0.35	10.48	0.454
	High vs low	4.96	1.13	21.91	0.034
	Confounders
	Male	0.64	0.13	3.12	0.580
	SOFA score	1.09	0.91	1.32	0.347
	Creatinine	2.61	0.61	11.23	0.198
	CRP	1.00	1.00	1.01	0.744
	Cardiovascular disease	2.80	0.88	8.89	0.081

Logistic regression models to assess the association between AKI within 7 days after admission and average PEEP level applied during the first 7 days after admission modeling the probability of having AKI-Injury or failure against the likelihood of AKI-Risk and no-AKI. Multivariate analyses, adjusting for baseline characteristics known a priori to be potential confounders and factors associated with both exposure to PEEP and outcome. Odds ratio (OR), 95% CIs, and p values. Low-PEEP group: 9.6 [8.0–10.5] cmH₂O; medium-PEEP group: 12.0 [11.2–12.7] cmH₂O; high-PEEP group 14.7 [13.7–16.7] cmH₂O