Table 4.
Behaviours during the six-hour time intervals.
| 1–6 h | 7–12 h | 13–18 h | 19–24 h | Friedman/ANOVA Results |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dam | ||||||
| Visible (min/h) | ||||||
| Lying (min/h) | 21.9 ± 6.8-A | 34.4 ± 7.4-B | 31.2 ± 10.3-B | 31.9 ± 9.2-B | F (3.0, 7.0) = 11.8 | <0.001 |
| Grooming (min) a | 7.7 ± 2.5-A | 2.6 ± 1.1-B | 2.5 ± 1.4-BC | 1.9 ± 1.4-C | F (2.5, 60.2) = 75.0 ** | <0.001 |
| Feeding (min) | 11.2 ± 4.3 | 11.3 ± 4.6 | 11.4 ± 2.7 | 12.8 ± 4.9 | χ2 (3.0) = 3.5 | 0.3 |
| Walking | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 1.4 | 1.6 ± 1.0 | χ2 (3.0) = 3.0 | 0.4 |
| Maternal Rejection Behaviours (n°) | 0.7 ± 1.5-A | 0.0 ± 0.14-B | 0.0 ± 0.1-B | 0.0 ± 0.1-B | χ2 (3.0) = 33.1 | <0.001 |
| Calf | ||||||
| Visible (min/h) | 50.6 ± 7.9 | 58.0 ± 2.4 | 56.9 ± 5.3 | 56.4 ± 10.6 | ||
| Lying (min/h) | 33.9 ± 8.5-A | 48.2 ± 6.5-B | 49.8 ± 6.3-B | 49.7 ± 10.7-B | χ2 (3.0) = 38.7 | <0.001 |
| Standing attempts (n°/h) | 1.7 ± 1.8-A | 0.2 ± 1.0-B | 0.1 ± 0.2-C | 0.0 ± 0.1-C | χ2 (3.0) = 57.7 | <0.001 |
| Suckling the udder | 2.8 ± 2.2-A | 1.7 ± 1.7-B | 1.1 ± 0.8-B | 0.7 ± 0.7-C | χ2 (3.0) = 25.9 | <0.001 |
| Suckling attempts (n°/h) | 1.4 ± 1.4-A | 0.2 ± 0.2-B | 0.2 ± 0.4-B | 0.1 ± 0.1-B | χ2 (3.0) = 41.6 | <0.001 |
| Sniffing the dam (min/h) | 4.3 ± 3.2-A | 1.9 ± 1.8-B | 1.2 ± 0.9-B | 1.9 ± 4.6-B | χ2 (3.0) = 22.0 | <0.001 |
| Walking (min/h) | 2.8 ± 2.2-A | 1.7 ± 1.6-B | 1.1 ± 0.8-B | 0.7 ± 0.7-C | χ2 (3.0) = 26.7 | <0.001 |
Number of subjects: 25; mean times of the behaviours were compared with an ANOVA or Friedman test (the corresponding p value is reported in the table). Data transformations: a = squared roots. Within rows, values with different letters (A, B, C, D) were significantly different (p < 0.05) at the post hoc comparison (Tukey for ANOVA and Durbin–Conover for Friedman). ** (Huynh–Feldt correction).