Table 1.

Changes in emulsifying activity index (EAI), emulsifying stability index (ESI), viscosity coefficients (k), flow index (n₁ and n₂), coefficient of determination (R²) and viscosity (when the shear rate was 100 s⁻¹) of emulsion before (non-ultrasound, N) and after ultrasound (U) emulsification treatment.

Parameters		15:1	10:1	5:1	1:1	1:5	1:10	1:15
EAI (m2/g)	N	0.02 ± 0.01 eB	0.06 ± 0.01 eB	0.09 ± 0.02 deB	0.18 ± 0.04 dB	0.32 ± 0.04 cB	0.74 ± 0.08 bB	1.20 ± 0.13 aB
	U	0.09 ± 0.01 dA	0.18 ± 0.01 dA	0.53 ± 0.02 cdA	2.14 ± 0.11 cA	6.09 ± 0.20 bA	27.36 ± 1.13 aA	25.65 ± 3.09 aA
ESI (%)	N	25.46 ± 5.03 aB	22.48 ± 2.44 abB	21.89 ± 3.86 abB	20.41 ± 9.00 abB	19.90 ± 1.47 abB	15.68 ± 1.09 bB	17.52 ± 1.14 bB
	U	65.35 ± 10.21 aA	32.06 ± 4.32 cdA	28.49 ± 2.19 dA	42.80 ± 10.67 bcA	47.07 ± 8.52 bA	45.68 ± 7.89 bA	30.98 ± 5.08 dA
k (Pa·sn)	N	37.1 ± 0.7 bA	36.8 ± 0.6 bA	37.3 ± 0.6 bA	34.8 ± 0.5 cA	34.8 ± 0.6 cA	39.8 ± 0.9 aA	37.3 ± 1.8 bB
	U	30.0 ± 0.1 bB	25.6 ± 0.3 cB	24.1 ± 0.1 cdB	23.1 ± 0.3 dB	14.6 ± 0.6 eB	9.3 ± 0.6 fB	52.0 ± 2.5 aA
n1	N	0.127 ± 0.003 cA	0.122 ± 0.003 cdB	0.115 ± 0.003 dB	0.123 ± 0.002 cdB	0.137 ± 0.003 bB	0.118 ± 0.004 dB	0.146 ± 0.008 aB
	U	0.132 ± 0.001 eA	0.142 ± 0.002 deA	0.144 ± 0.001 dA	0.142 ± 0.002 deA	0.205 ± 0.006 bA	0.292 ± 0.001 aA	0.179 ± 0.008 cA
R2	N	0.956	0.964	0.961	0.976	0.966	0.934	0.818
	U	0.998	0.985	0.998	0.979	0.930	0.915	0.863
n2	N	0.077	0.082	0.076	0.085	0.087	0.086	0.089
	U	0.094	0.093	0.101	0.098	0.164	0.123	0.070
Viscosity (Pa·s)	N	0.645	0.629	0.615	0.595	0.634	0.681	0.750
	U	0.537	0.469	0.455	0.434	0.353	0.364	1.19

Different lowercase letters (a–f) in the same line and different uppercase letters (A and B) in the same column indicate significant difference (p < 0.05) among samples.