Table 4.

Studies involving myo-inositol as a preventive treatment against NTDs in women with a previous pregnancy affected by NTD despite folate supplementation.

Study	Patients	Protocol	Findings
Cavalli et al. 2008 [63]	3 women with at least one previous pregnancy affected by folate-resistant NTD	Open-label treatment with 500 mg per day from at least two months before and until 60 days after conception	NTD incidence: 0%
Cavalli et al. 2011 [64]	9 women with at least one previous pregnancy affected by folate-resistant NTD	Open-label treatment with 1000 mg per day from at least two months before and until 60 days after conception	NTD incidence: 0%
Greene et al. 2016 [65]	47 randomized and 22 non-randomized women with at least one previous pregnancy affected by NTD	Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment with 500 mg twice per day; women who declined randomization decided to take myo-inositol plus folic acid (19 patients), or folic acid only (3 patients)	NTD incidence in randomized patients: 0% in the treatment group versus 5.3% in the control group NTD cases in the non-randomized patients: 0 in the myo-inositol plus folic acid group versus 2 in the folic acid alone group Overall NTD incidence: 0% in the treatment group versus 13.63% in the control group