Keys to genera of Cainiaceae
1. Asexual morph
1.1 Coelomycetous; 1–3 phialides conidiogenous cells, and elongate fusiform conidia with unicellular or septate, with pointed ends	Cainia
1.1 Coelomycetous; conidiomata with ostiolar opening surrounded by yellow, with unicellular conidia, ellipsoid-globose, pale to dark brown to black, with a straight germ slit extending the full-length	Endocalyx
2. Sexual morph
2.1 Cylindrical-clavate asci, ascospores with 1-septate	(2.2)
2.1 Cylindrical, or cylindrical to elongate cylindrical asci, ascospores with 1-septate	(2.3)
2.2 Ellipsoidal ascospores, with brown, and sheath	Cainia
2.2 Ellipsoidal to fusiform ascospores, with brown, and sheath	Atrotorquata
2.3 Ellipsoid to broadly fusiform ascospores, longitudinal striations, bristle-like polar appendages from both ends, without a gelatinous sheath	Longiappendispora
2.3 Fusiform to broad-fusiform ascospores with pointed at both ends, striation wall, and sheath	Amphibambusa
2.3 Ellipsoidal or oblong ascospores	(2.4)
2.4 Oblong ascospores with cap-like appendage, germ slits	Seynesia
2.4 Ellipsoidal ascospores	(2.5)
2.5 Ascospores with striation wall, brown, and sheath	Alishanica
2.5 Ascospores with striate or verrucose wall, and subhyaline to brown	Arecophila