Figure 3.

LDL oxidation is not required for TNFα-induced LDL accumulation. (A,B) Cells were treated with 0 (Ctrl) or 100 ng/mL TNFα (TNFα) for 24 h in serum medium. The media were replaced with serum-free media in the continued presence of TNFα for 2 h to remove surface lipoproteins. Finally, 5 µg/mL Dil-LDL in serum-free medium (Dil-LDL) ± 40 times LDL (+40× LDL) or oxLDL (+40× oxLDL) was added, followed by 3 h incubation. The images are 20× magnifications. n = 3. ***, p < 0.001 vs. Ctrl. $, ###, p < 0.05, 0.001, relative to Dil-LDL alone.