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. 2021 May 27;9(6):610. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9060610

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of systemic administration of vehicle, selective PPARα (GW6471), PPARβ/δ (GSK0660) and PPARγ (GW9662) antagonists, and PEA on behaviour in the NOR test in CFA-injected (CFA) and control (No-CFA) rats. Two-way ANOVA revealed an effect of day (^a p < 0.001) on the percentage of time spent exploring the novel object compared to object 3 (i.e., preference index = TObject3 or Novel Object/(TObject 1 + TObject 2/2) + TObject3 or Novel Object multiplied by 100; (A). CFA injection (^a p < 0.05; (B,C)) was also shown to have an effect on the discrimination index (Discrimination index = TNovel object/(TObject1 + TObject2/2) + TN multiplied by 100) and on the spatial discrimination index (Spatial discrimination index = TNovel object-TObject3/TNovel object + TObject3 multiplied by 100). GW6471 significantly reduced the spatial discrimination index compared to vehicle-treated CFA rats (* p < 0.05, vs. CFA-Vehicle; (C)). Data are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 7–8 rats per group). The symbols represent each individual data point.