Figure 4.

Difference curves showing differences in IC of PF between the gall cortex (inner or outer) and the reference plants A. thaliana. Each DC value was calculated as a difference between the values of the relative variable fluorescence [V_t = (F_t − F_O)/(F_M − F_O)] in the gall cortex minus the respective values for the leaves of the reference plants A. thaliana [ΔV_t = V_t(cortex) − Vt _{(A. thaliana)}]. The four characteristic bands are marked with different colors (A). The four lower panels (B–E) represent the difference curves calculated for each band separately (ΔW_t). The equations for the calculations of the respective ΔW_t are presented in Materials and Methods.