8-OHdG	8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine
AhR	Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
ARNT	AhR nuclear translocator
Cbfa-1	Core binding factor-1
CKD	Chronic kidney disease
CV	Cardiovascular
eGFR	Estimated glomerular filtration rate
eNOS	Endothelial NOS
ESRD	End-stage renal disease
GPx	Glutathione peroxidase
GR	Glutathione reductase
GSH	Reduced glutathione
GSSG	Oxidized glutathione
GST	Glutathione S-transferase
ICAM-1	Intercellular expression of adhesion molecule-1
iNOS	Inducible NOS
IS	Indoxyl sulfate
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-κB
NO	Nitric oxide
NOS	NO synthase
NOX	NADPH oxidase
OAT	Organic anion transporter
PGC-1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α
PTH	Parathyroid hormone
RBC	Red blood cell
ROD	Renal osteodystrophy
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RNS	Reactive nitrogen species
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
TGF-β1	Transforming growth factor β1
VSMCs	Vascular smooth muscle cells
XO	Xanthine oxidase
ZO-1	Zonula occludens-1