Table 1.
Study | Type of Intervention | Criteria |
---|---|---|
Bacha and Regassa, 2010 [32] | UL | Pregnancy rate only from cows with endometritis diagnosed by cytology |
Baranski et al., (a) 2012 [33] and (b) 2013 [34] | CB | (a) Established threshold values for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis. (b) Determined the impact of cytological endometritis on pregnancy rates |
Barlund et al., 2008 [7] | CB, UL | Compared thresholds of different techniques for diagnosis of endometritis |
Barrio et al., 2015 [35] | CB | Diagnosed subclinical endometritis by Cytobrush and determined the impact on reproductive performance |
Bicalho et al., 2016 [36] | EB | Pregnancy rate not mentioned |
Binelli et al., 2015 [37] | EB | Transcriptome uterine analysis was retrospectively performed in pregnant and non-pregnant cows |
Bolzenius et al., 2016 [38] | EB | Pregnancy rate not compared with non-biopsied cows |
Brodzki et al., (a) 2015 [39], (b) 2014 [40], | (a) UL, CB, (b) CB | (a) Pregnancy rate not described. (b) Pregnancy rates were related to presence/absence of subclinical endometritis |
Carneiro et al., (a) 2013 [41], (b) 2014 [42] | (a)UL, (b) CB | (a) Evaluate the cytological endometritis diagnosed by uterine lavage in reproductive performance. (b)Evaluate reproductive performance in cows diagnosed with subclinical endometritis |
Chapwanya et al., 2009 [43]; 2010 [15]; 2012 [44] | EB | No control group. Same data in three studies |
Cheong et al., (a) 2011 [45], (b) 2012 [46] | UL | (a) Determine risk factors for subclinical endometritis and its effect on reproductive performance. (b) Determine the use of leukocyte esterase strip as indicator of endometritis |
Couto et al., 2013 [47] | CB, UL | Used uterine fluid to measure leukocyte esterase activity to diagnose endometritis |
de Biase et al., 2018 [48] | EB | Diagnosis of infectious agents using EB but pregnancy rate was not reported |
de Boer et al., 2015 [49] | CB | Assessed % PMN cells and PR given on cows with endometritis |
De Sa et al., 2017 [50] | EB | Assess transcriptome analysis of endometrium on day 6 from pregnant and non-pregnant cows |
Denis-Robichaud, 2015 [51] | CB | Used the leukocyte esterase test for diagnosis of endometrial health and as predictor of pregnancy status in cows with endometritis |
Gabai et al., 2019 [52] | CB and UL | Pregnancy rate not described |
Kasimanickam et al., (a) 2004 [12], (b) 2006 [53] | (a) CB (b) None | (a) Validated cytology for diagnosis of endometritis (b) They did not use any endometrial sampling procedure |
Katagiri et al., 2006 [54] | EB | Pregnancy rate given but no control group |
Lopez et al., 2012 [2] | CB | Pregnancy rate associated with endometrial health postpartum |
Machado et al., 2012 [55] | UL | Pregnancy rate associated with endometrial health |
Madoz et al., 2013 [56] | CB | Used endometrial cells to establish cut off values for endometritis in grazing cows |
McDougall et al., 2011 [57] | CB | Pregnancy rate correlated with % PMN |
Nehru et al., 2019 [58] | CB and UL | Pregnancy rate reported but no control group |
Pascottini et al., 2015 [13] | CB, CT | Pregnancy rate not described |
Pascottini et al., 2016 [59] | CT | Pregnancy rate not reported in non-sampled heifers |
Pascottini et al., 2017 [60] | CT | Pregnancy rate not reported in non-sampled cows |
Plontzke et al., 2010 [9] | CB | Pregnancy rates associated with % PMN in subclinical endometritis |
Prunner et al., 2014 [61] | CB | Pregnancy rate determined by postpartum uterine health |
Rhoads et al., 2008 [24] | EB | Pregnancy rate not reported |
Ricci et al., 2015 [62] | UL | Pregnancy rate associated with %PMN in subclinical endometritis |
Salasel et al., 2010 [63] | UL | Pregnancy rate associated with subclinical endometritis and risk factors |
Santos et al., 2009 [64] | UL | Pregnancy rates associated with % PMN in Bos indicus cows |
Scolari et al., 2017 [65] | EB | Assess transcriptome analysis of endometrium on day 6 from pregnant and non-pregnant cows |
Senosy et al., 2012; [66] | CB | Fertility rates based on uterine health diagnosed postpartum |
Sens and Heuwieser, 2013 [67] | CB | No control group |
Studer et al., 1978 [6] | EB | Pregnancy rate is not mentioned after procedure |
Van Schyndel et al., 2019 [68] | CB, UL | Compared cytologies for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis, but pregnancy rate is not described |
Werner et al., 2012 [69] | CB | Pregnancy rate is not mentioned after procedure |
Westerman et al., 2010 [3] | CB | Pregnancy rate is not mentioned after procedure |
Zaayer et al., 1986 [70] | EB | Pregnancy rate is not mentioned after procedure |
UL: uterine lavage; CB: cytobrush; EB: endometrial biopsy; CT: cytotape; PMN: polymorphonuclear cells; PR: pregnancy rate; SCE: subclinical endometritis.