. 2021 May 30;11(6):996. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11060996

Table 2.

Comparison between the four most-studied nuclear imaging techniques for cardiac amyloidosis.

Imaging Technique	Radiotracer Component	Radiotracer Analog	Radiotracers Original Application	Amyloidosis Type	Advantage	Disadvantage
^99mTc-DPD Scintigraphy	^99mTc-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid	Phosphate	Bone scintigraphy	ATTR amyloidosis >> AL amyloidosis.	High diagnostic accuracy for ATTR when combined with SPECT and the absence of a monoclonal protein in serum or urine.	Limited on accurate quantification of amyloid burden.
^99mTc-PYP Scintigraphy	^99mTc-Pyrophosphate	Phosphate	Bone scintigraphy	ATTR amyloidosis >> AL amyloidosis.		Limited on accurate quantification of amyloid burden.
¹¹C-PiB PET imaging	N-methyl-[¹¹C]2-(4′-methylaminophenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole	Thioflavin-T	Brain imaging in Alzheimer dementia.	AL amyloidosis > ATTR amyloidosis.	Detect both AL and ATTR amyloidosis, ability to detect early disease, short study session. Can complement ^99mTc-PYP Scintigraphy.	Requirement of onsite cyclotron for generation; high synthesis cost with 20-min half-life.
¹⁸F-labelled agents PET imaging	¹⁸F-florbetapir, ¹⁸F-florbetaben¹⁸F-NaF	Stilbene	Brain imaging in Alzheimer dementia.	AL amyloidosis > ATTR amyloidosis.	Can diagnose both AL amyloidosis and ATTR amyloidosis. Allows for early detection of cardiac amyloidosis, aid in therapy response assessment.	Lack of large-sized studies to confirm its efficacy.

^99mTc-DPD: ^99mTc-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid; ^99mTc-PYP: ^99mTc-pyrophosphate; ¹¹C-PiB: ¹¹C-Pittsburgh compound B.