Table 2.
Contents of nitrogenous compounds and main nutrients in 15 microalgae powders in (g/100 g d.w.).
| AP | CP | CV | DS | TC | AFA | HP | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ◊ | 1 | 2 | 3 | ◊ | 1 | 2 | ◊ | 1 | 2 | ◊ | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Protein | |||||||||||||||||||
| Nitrogen (Kjeldahl) | 9.25 ± 0.05 | 10.33 ± 0.07 | 10.0 ± 0.2 | 10.4 ± 0.1 | 8.8 ± 0.4 | a | 9.12 ± 0.07 | 8.5 ± 0.1 | 9.83 ± 0.08 | a | 9.6 ± 0.2 | 9.6 ± 0.1 | a | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | b | 1.94 ± 0.06 | 9.3 ± 0.2 | 1.04 ± 0.04 |
| Crude protein (N-factor 6.25) |
57.8 ± 0.3 | 64.5 ± 0.5 | 62.7 ± 1.2 | 65.2 ± 0.7 | 55.1 ± 2.2 | a | 57.0 ± 0.4 | 53.0 ± 0.6 | 61.4 ± 0.5 | a | 60.0 ± 1.2 | 60.1 ± 0.4 | a | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | b | 12.1 ± 0.4 | 58.4 ± 1.5 | 6.5 ± 0.3 |
| Crude protein (N-factor 4.78) |
44.2 ± 0.2 | 49.3 ± 0.4 | 48.0 ± 1.0 | 49.9 ± 0.6 | 42.2 ± 1.7 | a | 43.6 ± 0.3 | 40.6 ± 0.5 | 47.0 ± 0.4 | a | 45.9 ± 1.0 | 46.0 ± 0.6 | a | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | b | 9.3 ± 0.3 | 44.6 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 0.2 |
| Crude protein (specific N-factor) | 45.1 ± 0.3 | 48.7 ± 0.4 | 47.8 ± 1.2 | 49.6 ± 0.7 | 40.8 ± 2.0 | a | 42.4 ± 0.4 | 39.6 ± 0.6 | 46.5 ± 0.5 | a | 44.8 ± 1.1 | 43.7 ± 0.7 | a | 0.21 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | b | 9.5 ± 0.4 | 43.2 ± 1.4 | 5.1 ± 0.3 |
| Pure protein (specific N-factor) |
38.3 ± 1.6 | 39.7 ± 0.2 | 39.9 ± 0.4 | 43.4 ± 1.7 | 37.8 ± 0.7 | a | 40.7 ± 0.5 | 34.0 ± 0.1 | 41.9 ± 0.3 | a | 41.0 ± 0.5 | 39.2 ± 0.3 | a | 0.12 ± 0.2 | 0.10 ± 0.1 | b | 9.1 ± 0.1 | 33.0 ± 1.4 | 3.3 ± 0.5 |
| NPN | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.90 ± 0.09 | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.1 | a | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | a | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | a | 0.09 ± 0.20 | 0.14 ± 0.10 | a | 0.08 ± 0.06 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| Further macronutrients | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total fiber | 30.9 ± 3.5 | 13.0 ± 1.1 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 13.2 ± 1.5 | 38.7 ± 1.5 | a | 36.6 ± 2.6 | 21.9 ± 0.2 | 18.6 ± 1.7 | a | 29.8 ± 1.4 | 21.9 ± 1.1 | a | 6.3 ± 0.1 | 6.8 ± 0.1 | a | 9.2 ± 0.3 | 19.1 ± 2.2 | 15.8 ± 0.5 |
| Total fat | 4.32 ± 0.03 | 4.8 ± 0.2 | 4.7 ± 0.2 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 4.2 ± 0.1 | a | 8.1 ± 0.5 | 7.7 ± 0.3 | 8.6 ± 0.2 | b | 8.4 ± 0.2 | 8.7 ± 0.2 | b | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 3.05 ± 0.05 | c | 8.0 ± 0.1 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 |
| Carbohydrates | 15.4 ± 3.9 | 34.9 ± 1.1 | 36.9 ± 1.4 | 31.2 ± 2.3 | 13.6 ± 1.6 | a | 8.8 ± 2.7 | 28.6 ± 0.4 | 25.1 ± 1.8 | a | 15.9 ± 1.5 | 24.9 ± 1.2 | a | 86.6 ± 0.2 | 85.8 ± 0.2 | b | 55.9 ± 0.4 | 36.6 ± 2.6 | 77.9 ± 0.8 |
| Further main components | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ash | 11.0 ± 0.2 | 7.6 ± 0.1 | 7.62 ± 0.03 | 6.59 ± 0.03 | 5.77 ± 0.01 | a | 5.83 ± 0.02 | 7.8 ± 0.04 | 5.70 ± 0.02 | a | 4.90 ± 0.03 | 5.329 ± 0.001 | a | 3.985 ± 0.003 | 4.24 ± 0.05 | a | 17.74 ± 0.04 | 6.9 ± 0.1 | 0.91 ± 0.03 |
AFA, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae; AP, Arthrospira platensis; CP, Chlorella pyrenoidosa; CV, Chlorella vulgaris; DS, Dunaliella salina; HP, Haematococcus pluvialis; NPN, non-protein-nitrogen; TC, Tetraselmis chuii; ◊ different letters indicate significant differences between the microalgae species (p < 0.05; n > 1); values are expressed as means ± SD (n = 3).