Table 7.
Sex, Age, and Symptom Homophilies in Viral Transmission Networks by Prefecture.
| Variable | Homophily Class * | Hokkaido | Kanagawa | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | p-Value | 95% | CI | OR | p-Value | 95% | CI | ||
| Sex | Female: (0,0) | 0.92 | 0.38 | 0.77 | 1.11 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 1.18 |
| Male: (1,1) | 1.08 | 0.42 | 0.90 | 1.29 | 0.88 | 0.18 | 0.72 | 1.06 | |
| Age | <30: (1,1) | 1.19 | 0.41 | 0.78 | 1.82 | 2.58 | <0.001 | 2.03 | 3.29 |
| 30–59: (2,2) | 1.05 | 0.74 | 0.8 | 1.36 | 1.82 | <0.001 | 1.5 | 2.21 | |
| ≥60 (3,3) | 1.40 | <0.001 | 1.19 | 1.66 | 3.19 | <0.001 | 2.55 | 3.99 | |
| Asymptomatic status | No: (0,0) | 1.53 | 0.03 | 1.04 | 2.24 | 0.97 | 0.87 | 0.7 | 1.35 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 5.21 | <0.001 | 3.75 | 7.24 | 3.67 | <0.001 | 1.97 | 6.84 | |
| Fever | No: (0,0) | 4.13 | <0.001 | 2.95 | 5.78 | 1.18 | 0.33 | 0.85 | 1.65 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 2.00 | <0.001 | 1.43 | 2.79 | 1.49 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 1.84 | |
| Headache | No: (0,0) | 1.18 | 0.35 | 0.84 | 1.65 | 0.89 | 0.37 | 0.7 | 1.14 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 0.62 | 0.36 | 0.22 | 1.75 | 1.62 | 0.06 | 0.98 | 2.68 | |
| Body ache | No: (0,0) | 1.94 | <0.001 | 1.36 | 2.78 | 0.86 | 0.28 | 0.65 | 1.13 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 1.82 | 0.12 | 0.86 | 3.88 | 2.31 | 0.04 | 1.05 | 5.09 | |
| Gastrointestinal issues | No: (0,0) | 2.20 | <0.001 | 1.50 | 3.21 | 0.36 | <0.001 | 0.29 | 0.46 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 1.34 | 0.59 | 0.46 | 3.85 | 1.71 | 0.12 | 0.86 | 3.4 | |
| Mild/upper respiratory issues | No: (0,0) | 2.45 | <0.001 | 1.87 | 3.21 | 0.95 | 0.66 | 0.76 | 1.18 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 0.89 | 0.5 | 0.63 | 1.26 | 1.60 | <0.001 | 1.26 | 2.02 | |
| Severe/lower respiratory issues | No: (0,0) | 2.09 | <0.001 | 1.6 | 2.72 | 0.82 | 0.08 | 0.67 | 1.02 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 0.95 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 1.34 | 1.12 | 0.43 | 0.85 | 1.47 | |
| Sensory disruption | No: (0,0) | 1.64 | 0.01 | 1.18 | 2.26 | 0.82 | 0.09 | 0.65 | 1.03 |
| Yes: (1,1) | 2.02 | 0.03 | 1.09 | 3.76 | 2.09 | 0.002 | 1.32 | 3.32 | |
* Homophily chain refers to the situation where an infector and his/her infectee shares the same characteristics. The reference group was a heterogeneous class, i.e., the chains that are not homophily. This table summarizes the results of the logistic regression analysis to determine if homophily comprises a significant aspect of viral transmission networks in Hokkaido and Kanagawa. The calculated odds ratio (OR), p-values, and 95% confidence intervals are provided to assess homophily in age, sex, symptoms, and asymptomatic status. The symptom homophily classes assessed were fever, headache, body ache, gastrointestinal issues (nausea and vomiting), upper respiratory involvement (cough, sneezing, and rhinitis), lower respiratory involvement (dyspnea), and sensory disruption (anosmia and ageusia).