Table 4.

Mean (±SE) differences in BMI or sagittal abdominal diameter between milk consumers and milk abstainers, after controlling for differences in potential confounders.

	Milk Consumers	Milk Abstainers
Model:	Mean ± SE	Mean ± SE	F	p
Model 1
BMI	28.7 ± 0.2	29.1 ± 0.1	3.1	0.0851
SAD	22.5 ± 0.1	22.7 ± 0.1	0.8	0.3916
Model 2
BMI	28.7 ± 0.2	29.0 ± 0.1	3.7	0.0609
SAD	22.5 ± 0.1	22.6 ± 0.1	0.5	0.4712

Milk consumers included milk drinkers who reported consuming full-fat, 2%, 1%, or skim milk often. Abstainers were adults who reported milk consumption less than once per week. The distribution of subjects was: Milk Consumers: n = 4194 and Milk Abstainers: n = 5547. Participants who reported drinking milk “sometimes” were not included in the analysis. SE is standard error of the mean. Model 1 compares BMI and SAD means separately, after controlling for age, gender, and race. Model 2 compares BMI and SAD means separately, after adjusting for age, gender, race, physical activity, leisure computer use and gaming, alcohol habits, and cigarette use.