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. 2021 Jun 10;7(6):468. doi: 10.3390/jof7060468

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fungal proteases play a role in Af293 induced IL-8 production. Conditioned media from germinating conidia cultured alone (Af293 c) or from conidia-exposed cells (Af293+cells c) did not induce production of either (A) IL-6 or (B) IL-8. Protease inhibition had no effect on (C) Af293-induced IL-6 production; however, (D) MMP inhibition (MMP I) and cysteine protease inhibition (Cys I) significantly reduced IL-8 levels. Data represent mean +/− SEM; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison test. **** p < 0.0001; *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01 compared with unexposed control and $ indicates p < 0.0001 for MMP I and p < 0.02 for Cys I compared with Af293-exposed cells.